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Category:Liver - General Pathology (view source)

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==~~Introduction==~~

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|pagetitle =Liver - General Pathology

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*The lobed [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] is the largest gland in the body

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|pagebody = *The lobed [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] is the largest gland in the body

*A healthy [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] is dark reddish-brown in colour with a smooth rubbery texture

*[[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|Liver]] lesions are common because:

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*Although [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] lesions are common, they seldom produce liver failure

*Diagnostic value because often indicates the presence and causes of disease in other organs and systems of the body

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|contenttitle =Content

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|contentbody =<big><b>

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<categorytree mode=pages>Liver - General Pathology</categorytree>

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==[[Liver Failure]]==

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~~==Liver failure==~~

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*this results from inadequate [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] function

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*occurs even though the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] has a large functional reserve and a high regenerative capacity

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~~===Causes===~~

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*low liver mass

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**the functional reserve is depleted

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NB: [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] enzyme levels in blood may not be markedly raised in chronic ongoing [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] damage because there may be few [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] cells remaining to leak enyzmes

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*remodelling of the vascular and connective components after damage

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**this may lead to inadequate nutritional supply to the hepatocytes, thus reducing their function

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*impaired function of one specific or many of its diverse functions

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**eg failure of detoxification

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***aldosterone - a failure of its proper inactivation results in hypervolaemia since a feature of this hormone is to cause sodium and hence water rentention

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****this is a factor in the development of ascites

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***oestrogen - a failure of its proper inactivation will result in an accumulation of this hormone with atrophy of the genitals and an enlargement of the breasts in the male

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***plant pigments - failure to detoxify will lead to their accumulation in the tissues and photosenistisation may result if they are photodynamic

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**eg metabolic upset

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***the failing [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] is unable to convert ammonia to urea, resulting in a rise in the level of blood ammonia

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***lowered level of plasma albumin contributes to the development of ascites

===Syndromes in liver failure===

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[[Hepatic Stellate Cells]]

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[[Category:Liver - Pathology]]

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