Difference between revisions of "Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome"
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*Management: all in/all out, screening AI semen | *Management: all in/all out, screening AI semen | ||
*'''Vaccine''' available | *'''Vaccine''' available | ||
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| + | ===Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome=== | ||
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| + | *The syndrome is caused by a small enveloped RNA virus which belongs to the new [[Arteriviridae|Arteriviridae]] group | ||
| + | *Replicates in and destroys macrophages and endothelial cells causing vasculitis -> viraemia -> virus shedding (nasal secretions, faeces) | ||
| + | *Clinical signs: respiratory and reproductive failure, weaned pigs, tachypnoea, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis | ||
| + | *Moderate to severe interstitial [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] in the cranial lobe | ||
| + | *Superimposed bacterial infections are common | ||
| + | *Infectious disease in swine that emerged 10 years ago | ||
| + | *Today, PRRS is endemic in many if not all the pig-producing countries | ||
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[[Category:Arteriviridae]] | [[Category:Arteriviridae]] | ||
[[Category:Pig]] | [[Category:Pig]] | ||
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]] | [[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]] | ||
Revision as of 12:18, 30 June 2010
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This article is still under construction. |
AKA PRRS
Antigenicity
- Isolates vary in virulence
- Some are subclinical
Hosts
- Pigs: aka Blue Ear or Lelystad virus
Pathogenesis
- Infects alveolar macrophages, followed by interstitial pneumonitis
- Persistent infection of Monocytes followed by leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
- Mostly affects piglets
- In adults, cyanotic appearance due to vascular lesions
- Transplacental spread leads to abortion, mummification, or resorption
Epidemiology
- Discovered in Holland in 1990
- Highly contagious
- Survives well on fomites
- Transfer may also be aerosol or via semen
- Exacerbated by immunosuppression (eg by porcine circovirus 2)
Diagnosis
- Clinical signs:
- Thumping respiration
- Abortions
- Flushed skin
- Eyelid oedema
- Weak or dying piglets
- ELISA for virus antibody
- Rising antibody titres as a retrospective diagnosis (4X increase)
Control
- Certified Specific Pathogen Free units exclude by quarantine
- Management: all in/all out, screening AI semen
- Vaccine available
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
- The syndrome is caused by a small enveloped RNA virus which belongs to the new Arteriviridae group
- Replicates in and destroys macrophages and endothelial cells causing vasculitis -> viraemia -> virus shedding (nasal secretions, faeces)
- Clinical signs: respiratory and reproductive failure, weaned pigs, tachypnoea, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis
- Moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia in the cranial lobe
- Superimposed bacterial infections are common
- Infectious disease in swine that emerged 10 years ago
- Today, PRRS is endemic in many if not all the pig-producing countries