Difference between revisions of "Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome"

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*Management: all in/all out, screening AI semen
 
*Management: all in/all out, screening AI semen
 
*'''Vaccine''' available
 
*'''Vaccine''' available
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 +
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===Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome===
 +
 +
*The syndrome is caused by a small enveloped RNA virus which belongs to the new [[Arteriviridae|Arteriviridae]] group
 +
*Replicates in and destroys macrophages and endothelial cells causing vasculitis -> viraemia -> virus shedding (nasal secretions, faeces)
 +
*Clinical signs: respiratory and reproductive failure, weaned pigs, tachypnoea, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis
 +
*Moderate to severe interstitial [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] in the cranial lobe
 +
*Superimposed bacterial infections are common
 +
*Infectious disease in swine that emerged 10 years ago
 +
*Today, PRRS is endemic in many if not all the pig-producing countries
 +
 +
 
[[Category:Arteriviridae]]
 
[[Category:Arteriviridae]]
 
[[Category:Pig]]
 
[[Category:Pig]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]

Revision as of 12:18, 30 June 2010



AKA PRRS

Antigenicity

  • Isolates vary in virulence
  • Some are subclinical

Hosts

  • Pigs: aka Blue Ear or Lelystad virus

Pathogenesis

  • Infects alveolar macrophages, followed by interstitial pneumonitis
  • Persistent infection of Monocytes followed by leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
  • Mostly affects piglets
  • In adults, cyanotic appearance due to vascular lesions
  • Transplacental spread leads to abortion, mummification, or resorption

Epidemiology

  • Discovered in Holland in 1990
  • Highly contagious
  • Survives well on fomites
  • Transfer may also be aerosol or via semen
  • Exacerbated by immunosuppression (eg by porcine circovirus 2)

Diagnosis

  • Clinical signs:
    • Thumping respiration
    • Abortions
    • Flushed skin
    • Eyelid oedema
    • Weak or dying piglets
  • ELISA for virus antibody
  • Rising antibody titres as a retrospective diagnosis (4X increase)

Control

  • Certified Specific Pathogen Free units exclude by quarantine
  • Management: all in/all out, screening AI semen
  • Vaccine available


Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

  • The syndrome is caused by a small enveloped RNA virus which belongs to the new Arteriviridae group
  • Replicates in and destroys macrophages and endothelial cells causing vasculitis -> viraemia -> virus shedding (nasal secretions, faeces)
  • Clinical signs: respiratory and reproductive failure, weaned pigs, tachypnoea, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis
  • Moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia in the cranial lobe
  • Superimposed bacterial infections are common
  • Infectious disease in swine that emerged 10 years ago
  • Today, PRRS is endemic in many if not all the pig-producing countries