Difference between revisions of "Porcine Adenovirus"
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| − | [[Category:To Do - | + | Also Known As –''''' pADV1-5 – pADV A-C''''' |
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| + | ==Introduction== | ||
| + | Porcine adenovirus causes [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and [[Alimentary System|gastrointestinal]] disease in piglets and also often being implicated in '''multifactorial [[Respiratory System|respiratory]]''' diseases. | ||
| + | |||
| + | pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine [[Adenoviridae|adenoviruses]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | Worldwide | ||
| + | |||
| + | Transmission is '''faecal:oral''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Signalment== | ||
| + | pADV is only known to affect '''swine.''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Clinical Signs== | ||
| + | pADV is a '''low grade pathogen''', associated with short duration mild clinical signs. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''[[Diarrhoea]], inappetance, dehydration, anorexia''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Dullness, depression, lethargy, listlessness and tremors''' may develop, often secondary to dehydration. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Reproductive''' disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dspnoea, blue extremities etc often develops when combined with other pathogens. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Diagnosis== | ||
| + | Histologically, pADV causes formation of '''nuclear inclusion bodies''' in the intestinal cells<ref> Buller, C. R., Moxley, R. A. (1988) Natural infection of porcine ileal dome M cells with rotavirus and enteric adenovirus. Vet Path, 25(6):516-517; 9</ref>. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures'''. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Viral particles can be seen via '''electron microscopy''' up to 6 days post infection. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent''' staining can demonstrate viral antigen. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Antibodies''' can be detected serologically with '''immunodiffusion, complement fixation, serum neutralisation and [[ELISA testing|ELISA]].''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Treatment== | ||
| + | '''None''' is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Control== | ||
| + | '''None''' is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine<ref> Kadoi, K (1997) Beneficial use of inactivated porcine adenovirus vaccine and antibody response of young pigs. New Microbiol. 20:89-91</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{Learning | ||
| + | |flashcards = [[Porcine Adenovirus Flashcards]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
| + | Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Adenovirus datasheet''', accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Adenovirus infection datasheet''', accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:To Do - CABI review]] | ||
Revision as of 15:02, 17 June 2011
Also Known As – pADV1-5 – pADV A-C
Introduction
Porcine adenovirus causes diarrhoea and gastrointestinal disease in piglets and also often being implicated in multifactorial respiratory diseases.
pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine adenoviruses.
Distribution
Worldwide
Transmission is faecal:oral
Signalment
pADV is only known to affect swine.
Clinical Signs
pADV is a low grade pathogen, associated with short duration mild clinical signs.
Diarrhoea, inappetance, dehydration, anorexia
Dullness, depression, lethargy, listlessness and tremors may develop, often secondary to dehydration.
Reproductive disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs.
Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dspnoea, blue extremities etc often develops when combined with other pathogens.
Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common.
Diagnosis
Histologically, pADV causes formation of nuclear inclusion bodies in the intestinal cells[1].
Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel.
Viral particles can be seen via electron microscopy up to 6 days post infection.
Immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent staining can demonstrate viral antigen.
Antibodies can be detected serologically with immunodiffusion, complement fixation, serum neutralisation and ELISA.
Treatment
None is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient.
Control
None is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine[2]
| Porcine Adenovirus Learning Resources | |
|---|---|
 Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions |
Porcine Adenovirus Flashcards |
References
Animal Health & Production Compendium, Porcine Adenovirus datasheet, accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
Animal Health & Production Compendium, Porcine Adenovirus infection datasheet, accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/