Difference between revisions of "Pelvis - Anatomy & Physiology"
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<big><center>[[Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | <big><center>[[Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | ||
==Pelvic Girdle== | ==Pelvic Girdle== | ||
| + | [[Image:Pelvis|thumb|right|150px|Pelvis - Wikimedia Commons 2008]] | ||
*Two symmetrical halves: hip bones ('''ossa cosarum''') meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally | *Two symmetrical halves: hip bones ('''ossa cosarum''') meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally | ||
*Hip Bones: | *Hip Bones: | ||
Revision as of 15:25, 13 August 2008
Pelvic Girdle
File:Pelvis
Pelvis - Wikimedia Commons 2008
- Two symmetrical halves: hip bones (ossa cosarum) meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally
- Hip Bones:
- Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate
- Ilium: craniodorsal, extends obliquely forward from hip to articulate with sacrum
- Cranial wing varies between species
- Dorsally, forms sacral tuber more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats
- Ventrally, forms tuber coxae, or the point of the hip
- Margin of the wing is known as the iliac crest
- Body is deeply excavated for attachment of the gluteus medius
- Greater Sciatic Notch on dorsal border of the wing is cut away at its junction with the shaft to allow the sciatic nerve passage en route to the hind limb
- Pubis : extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor
- L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial)
- Ischium: caudal, forms most of pelvic floor
- Ischial tuberosity is formed by the caudolateral corner of the horizontal plate of the ischium
- The Pelvic Symphysis comprises both pubis and ischium
- The Acetabulum"" provides the socket to the joint of the hip, and is comprised of all three bones of the pelvis
- Species differences:
- Larger species have a more vertical ilium, bringing the sacroiliac joint (and with it the weight of the trunk) closer to the hip
- Smaller species have an oblique ilium
Pelvic Joints and Ligaments
- Pelvic Symphysis: secondary cartilaginous joint that ossifies with age and may expand in parturition
- Sacroiliac joints: synovial joints combined with fibrous joints
- Transmits the weight of the trunk to the hindlimbs
- Sacrotuberous ligament varies tremendously between species, caudal edge is palpable
- Dog: stout cord extending between the sacrum and lateral ischial tuberosity
- Cat: not present
- Ungulates: Sacrosciatic ligament expands to a broad sheet