Difference between revisions of "Immunological Testing Flashcards"

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||<font color="white"> <big>
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
*'''''Excitation'''''
 
*'''''Excitation'''''
−
||[[ELISA testing|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
||[[Immunofluorescence|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<big>'''What are the fluorescent dyes commonly known as?'''
 
|<big>'''What are the fluorescent dyes commonly known as?'''
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
*'''''Fluorochromes'''''
 
*'''''Fluorochromes'''''
−
||[[ELISA testing|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
||[[Immunofluorescence|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<big>'''What are the advantages of indirect staining?'''
 
|<big>'''What are the advantages of indirect staining?'''
Line 56: Line 56:
 
*'''''Relative expressions of different antigens in the same cell can be tested'''''
 
*'''''Relative expressions of different antigens in the same cell can be tested'''''
 
*'''''Loss of antibody during conjugation is limited'''''
 
*'''''Loss of antibody during conjugation is limited'''''
−
||[[ELISA testing|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
||[[Immunofluorescence|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<big>'''What technique is used to provide a quantitative measure of immunofluorescence?'''
 
|<big>'''What technique is used to provide a quantitative measure of immunofluorescence?'''
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
*'''''Flow cytometry'''''
 
*'''''Flow cytometry'''''
−
||[[ELISA testing|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
||[[Immunofluorescence|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==<font color="purple">Radioimmunoassay</font>==
 +
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
 +
!width="400"|'''Question'''
 +
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
 +
!width="150"|'''Article'''
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What are radioimmunoassays commonly used to detect?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Hormone levels in blood and tissue fluids'''''
 +
*'''''Serum proteins'''''
 +
*'''''Drugs'''''
 +
*'''''Vitamins'''''
 +
||[[Radioimmunoassay|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What is the most common isotope used for radioimmunoassay?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Iodine-125'''''
 +
||[[Radioimmunoassay|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Why is it important to measure the amount of antibody that binds to 50% of the labelled antigen?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Ensures the number of epitopes present exceeds number of antibody-binding sites'''''
 +
||[[Radioimmunoassay|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What are the disadvantages of the radioimmunoassay?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Substances used are radioactive'''''
 +
*'''''Gamma radiation requires special counting equipment'''''
 +
*'''''Iodine naturally accumulates in the thyroid gland'''''
 +
||[[Radioimmunoassay|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
==<font color="purple">Agglutination</font>==
 +
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
 +
!width="400"|'''Question'''
 +
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
 +
!width="150"|'''Article'''
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What are the antibodies that produce agglutination known as?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Agglutinins'''''
 +
||[[Agglutination|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What constitutes the end of the agglutination test?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''The last tube showing distinct agglutination'''''
 +
||[[Agglutination|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What does the titre represent?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''The number of antibodies per unit volume of serum'''''
 +
||[[Agglutination|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What is the prozone effect?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''An inhibition of agglutination caused by an excess of antibodies'''''
 +
||[[Agglutination|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What agglutination test is often used to test for rhesus disease?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Coombs test'''''
 +
||[[Agglutination|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]

Revision as of 11:31, 15 September 2008

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IMMUNOLOGICAL TESTING
WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS



ELISA testing

Question Answer Article
What does the acronym ELISA stand for?
  • Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay
 Link to Answer Article
What type of ELISA requires all the reagents to be added at once?
  • Homogenous
 Link to Answer Article
What are the five basic steps of an ELISA test?
  • Adsorption of antigen/antibody onto solid phase
  • Addition of chosen sample and reagents
  • Incubation and washing
  • Addition of enzyme-labelled antigen/antibody
  • Addition of specific substrate
 Link to Answer Article

Immunofluorescence

Question Answer Article
The adsorption of light by a molecule is known as what?
  • Excitation
 Link to Answer Article
What are the fluorescent dyes commonly known as?
  • Fluorochromes
 Link to Answer Article
What are the advantages of indirect staining?
  • Brighter fluorescence
  • One preparation can be used to test many serum samples
  • Relative expressions of different antigens in the same cell can be tested
  • Loss of antibody during conjugation is limited
 Link to Answer Article
What technique is used to provide a quantitative measure of immunofluorescence?
  • Flow cytometry
 Link to Answer Article

Radioimmunoassay

Question Answer Article
What are radioimmunoassays commonly used to detect?
  • Hormone levels in blood and tissue fluids
  • Serum proteins
  • Drugs
  • Vitamins
 Link to Answer Article
What is the most common isotope used for radioimmunoassay?
  • Iodine-125
 Link to Answer Article
Why is it important to measure the amount of antibody that binds to 50% of the labelled antigen?
  • Ensures the number of epitopes present exceeds number of antibody-binding sites
 Link to Answer Article
What are the disadvantages of the radioimmunoassay?
  • Substances used are radioactive
  • Gamma radiation requires special counting equipment
  • Iodine naturally accumulates in the thyroid gland
 Link to Answer Article

Agglutination

Question Answer Article
What are the antibodies that produce agglutination known as?
  • Agglutinins
 Link to Answer Article
What constitutes the end of the agglutination test?
  • The last tube showing distinct agglutination
 Link to Answer Article
What does the titre represent?
  • The number of antibodies per unit volume of serum
 Link to Answer Article
What is the prozone effect?
  • An inhibition of agglutination caused by an excess of antibodies
 Link to Answer Article
What agglutination test is often used to test for rhesus disease?
  • Coombs test
 Link to Answer Article
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