Difference between revisions of "Malassezia Dermatitis"
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| − | + | ==Introduction== | |
| − | + | Malasseszia Dermatitis is a skin disease associated with the yeast [[Malassezia pachydermitis|''Malassezia pachydermatis'']]. It is common in dogs but rare in cats. The yeast is found on skin and mucosal sites in healthy dogs and cats and under circumstances which remain poorly understood can proliferate and induce skin disease. | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ==Pathogenesis== | |
| + | ''Malassezia pachydermitis'' proliferates and liberates enzymes and metabolites which induce cutaneous inflammation. Concurrent skin diseases such as [[Atopic dermatitis]] and primary defects of keratinisation are recognised in approximately 66% of cases. Some dogs may show hypersensitivity to ''Malassezia pachydermitis''. | ||
| + | ==Diagnosis== | ||
| + | ===History=== | ||
| + | Affected dogs usually present with a greasy skin disease often with a characteristic odour and a variable degree of pruritus. Basset hounds, Cocker Spaniels and West Highland Terriers are predisposed. | ||
| + | ===Clinical signs=== | ||
| + | Malassezia dermatitis can complicate or mimic allergic skin disease and scaling skin disorders. The main clinical signs are erythema and a greasy exudate which may result in matted hair with variable amounts of alopecia and scaling. Hyperpigmentation and lichenification occur in chronic cases. Concurrent erythematous otitis externa with variable ceruminous discharge is common. | ||
| + | The degree of pruritus is variable but can be extreme especially on the face in a small number of dogs. | ||
| + | ===Laboratory tests=== | ||
| + | ==Treatment== | ||
| + | ==Literature Search== | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | |||
**Regional lesions: muzzle, ears, interdigital, perianal | **Regional lesions: muzzle, ears, interdigital, perianal | ||
**Or generalised disease | **Or generalised disease | ||
Revision as of 16:00, 22 November 2010
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This article is still under construction. |
Introduction
Malasseszia Dermatitis is a skin disease associated with the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis. It is common in dogs but rare in cats. The yeast is found on skin and mucosal sites in healthy dogs and cats and under circumstances which remain poorly understood can proliferate and induce skin disease.
Pathogenesis
Malassezia pachydermitis proliferates and liberates enzymes and metabolites which induce cutaneous inflammation. Concurrent skin diseases such as Atopic dermatitis and primary defects of keratinisation are recognised in approximately 66% of cases. Some dogs may show hypersensitivity to Malassezia pachydermitis.
Diagnosis
History
Affected dogs usually present with a greasy skin disease often with a characteristic odour and a variable degree of pruritus. Basset hounds, Cocker Spaniels and West Highland Terriers are predisposed.
Clinical signs
Malassezia dermatitis can complicate or mimic allergic skin disease and scaling skin disorders. The main clinical signs are erythema and a greasy exudate which may result in matted hair with variable amounts of alopecia and scaling. Hyperpigmentation and lichenification occur in chronic cases. Concurrent erythematous otitis externa with variable ceruminous discharge is common. The degree of pruritus is variable but can be extreme especially on the face in a small number of dogs.
Laboratory tests
Treatment
Literature Search
References
- Regional lesions: muzzle, ears, interdigital, perianal
- Or generalised disease
- Erythematous, hyperpigmented, lichenified and scaly lesions with alopecia
- Microscopically:
- hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis
- Spongiotic pustular dermatitis
- Acanthosis
- Organisms are usually present, minimum 3-5 yeasts per high-power field must be found to imply cause of disease
Grossly, regional lesions may be seen around the muzzle, ears, interdigital, and perianal. Other common signs include erythema, hyperpigmentation, lichenified and scaly lesions with alopecia.
Microscopically, one may see;hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, spongiotic pustular dermatitis, Acanthosis.