Donkey Haematology
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| Parameter/units | Average | Range | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|
| RBC 1012/l | 5.5 | (4 - 7.1) | Red blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin:
Elevations in RBC, PCV, and Hb may occur in dehydration and with stress, excitation and exercise. A reduction in these values may occur with acute haemorrhage, chronic inflammation, renal disease, hepatic disease, parasitism, haemolysis, and haematopoietic neoplasia. |
| PCV % | 33 | (27 - 42) | As above |
| Hb g/dl | 11.0 | (8.9 - 14.7) | As above |
| MCH pg | 20.6 | (17.6 - 23.1) | Mean corpuscular haematology:
Elevations occur with haemolysis. Reductions usually indicate iron deficiency. |
| MCHC g/dl | 34 | (31 - 37) | Mean corpuscular haematological concentration:
Elevations occur with haemolysis. Reductions may indicate iron deficiency. |
| MCV fl | 60 | (53 - 67) | Macrocytosis seen with regenerative anaemia. Microcytosis seen with iron deficiency. |
| WBC 109/l | 10 | (6.2 - 15) | White blood cells. The total number of WBC is influenced by the numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils. Leucocytosis is seen with septic and non-septic inflammatory conditions. Leucopaenia can occur
during viral infection and severe leucopenia with acute bacterial infections. |
| NEU % | 38.3 | (23 - 59) | Neutrophils. Neutrophilia can arise transiently due to exercise, excitement and stress. Elevations are seen with septic and non-septic inflammatory conditions and acute bacterial infections. Corticosteroids, exogenous and endogenous, also cause a neutrophilia. Neutropenia can occur during viral infections. |
| NEU T 109/l | 3.7 | (2.4 - 6.3) | As above |
| EOS % | 4.0 | (0.9 - 9.1) | Eosinophils. Eosinophilia may be seen as a result of parasitism, allergic respiratory disease and eosinophilic leukaemia. Eosinopaenia is hard to evaluate as the numbers of eosinophils in normal donkeys are low. |
| EOS T 109/l | 0.4 | (0.1 - 0.9) | As above |
| BAS % | 0.05 | (0 - 0.5) | Basophils. Basophilia is rare in donkeys. |
| BAS T 109/l | 0 | (0 - 0.07) | As above |
| LYM % | 54 | (34 - 69) | Lymphocytes. Lymphocytosis occurs in response to chronic viral infections, autoimmune disease and with excitement or exercise. Large elevations in lymphocyte numbers can be seen in lymphoma. Lymphopaenia occurs as a result of stress, exogenous corticosteroid administration, severe bacterial or viral infections, endotoxemia and immunodeficiency. |
| LYM T 109/l | 5.5 | (2.2 - 9.6) | As above |
| MON % | 3.0 | (0 - 7.5) | Monocytes. Monocytosis can occur as a result of chronic suppurative and granulomatous inflammation. It may also be seen during recovery from viral infections of the upper respiratory tract. |
| MON T 109/l | 0.3 | (0 - 0.75) | As above |
| Platelets 109/l | 201 | (95 - 384) | Thrombocytes. Thrombocytosis is rare but can occur in bacterial infections. Thrombocytopaenia may be seen in disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), immunemediated thrombocytopenia, equine infectious anaemia (EIA), endotoxemia, equine ehrlichiosis, neoplasia, or as a result of severe haemorrhage. Artifactual reductions in platelet numbers can occur as a result of platelets clumping in EDTA. |
| RDW % | 18.3 | (16.1 - 22) |
Svendsen, E.D., Duncan, J. and Hadrill, D. (2008) The Professional Handbook of the Donkey, 4th edition, Whittet Books, Appendix 1
This section was sponsored and content provided by THE DONKEY SANCTUARY |
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