Anal Sac Impaction
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Signalment
- Small breeds are predisposed
- German Shepherd
- Obese dogs
- Cats can also suffer from anal sac impaction
Description
The most common disease of the anal sacs where the sac becomes impacted by a viscous, grey-brown secretion. It is caused by a failure of the sacs to empty normally during defecation, obesity, poor muscle tone and generalized seborrhea. The reatined secretion can encourage bacterial overgrowth and therefore infection and inflammation.
Diagnosis
History and Clinical Signs
- Excessive chewing or licking of around the anus and tail base.
- Pain on sitting
- Scooting
- Dyschezia
- Smell of secretion
Treatment
Compression and expression of the sacs by either internal or external forces. The sacs are situated at the 4 and 8 c'clock positions. Internal expression is more effective and desired with external expression reserved for small dogs and cats where it is not possible to place a digit in the rectum. If the contents are too dry, then a softening agent or saline can be placed inside to aid clearance.
Prognosis
Some cases may require regular expression but generally the prognosis is excellent. Certain cases may become chronic or infected and sacculectoimy may need to be considered.
References
Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition) BSAVA
Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual