Porcine Parvovirus
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Antigenicity
- Single serotype
Hosts
- Pigs
Pathogenesis
- Principal viral cause of SMEDI syndrome: Stillbirths, Mummification, Embryonic Deaths, and Infertility
- Replicates in gastrointestinal epithelium followed by viremia
- Often no clinical signs in breeding and growing stock
- Transplacental infection occurs in early pregnancy, with some (but not all) surviving piglets living as carriers
Epidemiology
- About 50% of UK pigs are antibody-positive
- Transfer is orofecal or via fomites
- Outbreaks occur as herd is developing immunity
- Congenitally infected piglets act as herd reservoir
Diagnosis
- Immunostaining of fetal tissues
- Virus isolation in cell culture
- HA on feces
- Rising antibody titres in paired serum sample by HAI
Control
- Inactivated vaccine (UK) or live attenuated (USA)
- Infected piglets should be culled