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| Physiology
|
Units
|
Approximate Value
|
| General
|
| Urine Specific Gravity
|
Grams per milli-litre
|
1.030 - 1.045
|
| Maximum Urine Osmolarity
|
mosmol/litre
|
1400
|
| Urine/Plasma Conc Ratio
|
n/a
|
5
|
| Rumination Contraction Frequency
|
per min
|
approx. 1
|
| Beef Cow
|
| Rectal Temperature
|
Fahrenheit
|
100.4 - 101.3
|
| Rectal Temperature
|
Centigrade
|
38 - 38.5
|
| Dairy Cow
|
| Heart Rate
|
Beats per min
|
60 - 84
|
| Rectal Temperature
|
Fahrenheit
|
101 - 102
|
| Rectal Temperature
|
Centigrade
|
38.3 - 38.9
|
| Resting Respiratory Rate
|
Breaths per min
|
26 - 50
|
| Oxen
|
| Heart Rate
|
Beats per min
|
36 - 60
|
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