Cardiovascular Viruses
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Viruses Affecting The Heart
1. Foot & Mouth Disease Virus (calves, lambs, piglets)
- Causes myocarditis and death in young animals
- Causes myocarditis (rare cases) and death in puppies
- Canine parvo virus attacks the rapidly dividing heart cells
Viruses Affecting The Vasculature
Equine
- EHV-1 infects endothelial cells on the maternal side of the placenta causing abortion.
- In the UK EHV-1 is the most common cause of abortion among horses
- EHV-1 can also affect the nervous system
3. African Horse Sickness Virus
- AHSV can affect the endothelial cells of the vessels, the cardiac myocardium, and pulmonary structures
- Infection with EVA causes arterial edema, hemorrhages, and necrosis
- Abortion storms
- Alimentary and respiratory infections
Swine
- Cause hemorrhagic skin lesions
- Immune complex necrotising vasculitis
- Two forms of the disease:
a) PMWS: Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
b) PDNS: Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome
- Caused by Asfarvirus
3. Classical Swine Fever
- Caused by Pestivirus
- Although caused by two different viruses, African Swine Fever & Classical Swine Fever share similar signs clinically.
- Petechial Hemorrhages, intravascular thrombosis, hindlimb weakness
Feline
1. Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus
- Vasculitis, inflammation of abdomen and liver
Rabbit
1. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus
- Thrombi formation in the tissues and vessels
Viruses Affecting Vasculature, But Tropism Elsewhere
1. New Castle Disease (Chickens)
- Hemorrhagic lesions
2. Bovine Virus Diarrhea (Cattle)
- Pestivirus
- Arteritis, respiratory, lymphoid, and reproductive tracts can be affected
- Respiratory, alimentary, lymphoid involvement
4. Malignant Catarrhal Fever (Cattle)
- Arteritis, respiratory, lymphoid, and ocular involvement