Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology
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In Dogs
Filaroides osleri
Linguatula serrata
Angiostrongylus vasorum
Dirofilaria immitis
Capillaria aerophila
Toxoplasmosis
Crenosoma vulpis
In Cats
Linguatula serrata
- As in dogs above
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
Dirofilaria immitis
Capillaria aerophila
- As in dogs above
In Horses
Parascaris equorum
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi
Besnoitia bennetti
In Cattle
Dictyocaulus viviparus
Hydatid cysts
Syngamus laryngeus
In Sheep
Hydatid cysts
As in cattle (above)
Oestrus ovis
Protostrongylus spp.
Muellerius capillaris
- Common in sheep and goats
- Rarely any clinical significance
- Grossly:
- Multifocal interstitial pneumonia grossly evident as firm "lead-shot" nodules throughout the parenchyma, often with enveloping granulomatous response
- Early stages are reddish in colour, turning later to greyish green, may calcify
- Mostly in dorsal region of caudal lung lobes
- Histologically:
- Damaged alveolar septa with mild fibrous thickening and lymphocytic infiltrate
- In more developed host resistance, foci of eosinophils around larvae, hyperplastic epithelium, macrophages, giant cells
- May be some calcification
Dictyocaulus filaria
- Most susceptible when first exposed to contaminated pasture
- Animals < 1 year old
- Pathogenesis and pathology similar to Dictyocaulus viviparus in cattle
- Bronchitis
In Pigs
Metastrongylus spp.
- Found in bronchioles and smaller bronchi
- Grossly:
- Small grey nodules, especially along ventral border of caudal lobes
- Adult worms in bronchi and bronchioles
- Histologically:
- Catarrhal and eosinophilic bronchitis and bronchiolitis
- Possibly atelectasis
- Rarely becomes extensive
- May transmit swine influenza
Ascaris suum
- May cause parasitic pneumonia during a part of its migration
- Larvae may be infected with Swine influenza
- May cause severe pneumonia in calves housed where infected pigs were housed previously
- Cause diffuse interstitial pneumonia with haemorrhage, atelectasis, interlobular oedema and emphysema