Changes

|-

|-

|'''Inflammatory'''

|'''Inflammatory'''

|[[Acute Gastritis - WikiClinical|Gastritis]]

|[[Acute Gastritis - WikiClinical|Gastritis]], [[Pancreatitis - WikiClinical|Pancreatitis]]

|-

|-

|'''Neoplastic'''

|'''Neoplastic'''

|Adenocarcinoma, lymphosarcoma, leiomyoma

|Adenocarcinoma, lymphosarcoma, leiomyoma, gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome),

|-

|-

|'''Metabolic/endocrine'''

|'''Metabolic/endocrine'''

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

The main aim is to treat any primary underlying cause whilst giving general support. This may be hydrating, restoring electrolytes and acid-base and also helping the gastric lining to recover.

The main aim is to treat any primary underlying cause whilst giving general support. This may be hydrating, restoring electrolytes and acid-base and also helping the gastric lining to recover. Anti-ulcerative therapy should be continued for up to 6-8 weeks.

===[[Fluid Therapy]]===

===[[Fluid Therapy]]===

*Blocking of acid secretion:

*Blocking of acid secretion:

**[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Histamine (H2) Receptor Antagonists|Histamine receptor antagonists]]:

**[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Histamine (H2) Receptor Antagonists|Histamine receptor antagonists]]:

***cimetidine

***cimetidine (10 mg/kg, per os (PO)/intramuscular (IM)/intravenous (IV), three times daily (tid)

***ranitidine

***ranitidine (Dogs: 2 mg/kg, PO/IV, tid. Cats: 2.5 mg/kg, IV two times daily (bid) or 3.5 mg/kg, PO bid

***famotidine

***famotidine (0.5-1 mg/kg, PO/IV, once daily (sid)-bid

**Gastrin antagonists:

**Gastrin antagonists:

***proglumide

***proglumide

***pirenzepine

***pirenzepine

**Adenyl cyclase inhibitors:

**Adenyl cyclase inhibitors:

***[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Prostaglandin E Analogues|prostaglangin E2 (PGE) analogues]] (misoprostol)

***[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Prostaglandin E Analogues|prostaglangin E2 (PGE) analogues]] (misoprostol (Dogs: 2-5µg/kg PO tid)

**[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Proton Pump Inhibitors|H⁺:K⁺ATPase inhibitors ]]:- for use when patient is refractory to histamine antagonists

**[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Proton Pump Inhibitors|H⁺:K⁺ATPase inhibitors ]]:- for use when patient is refractory to histamine antagonists

***omeprazole - good for exercise induced gastric ulceration

***omeprazole (0.7 mg/kg PO sid) - good for exercise induced gastric ulceration

===Mucosal protectants===

===Mucosal protectants===

Such as misoprostol can be given alongside [[NSAIDs|NSAIDs]] to decrease the risk of ulceration. '''[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Binding Agents|Sucralfate]]''', which is polyaluminium sucrose sulphate, binds to damaged mucosa and assists in the treatment of gastric ulceration. It is best given 2 hours after acid inhibitors to prevent interference.  

Such as misoprostol can be given alongside [[NSAIDs|NSAIDs]] to decrease the risk of ulceration. '''[[Gastroprotective Drugs#Binding Agents|Sucralfate]]''' (Dogs: 0.5-1g PO bid/tid. Cats: 0.25g PO bid/tid) which is polyaluminium sucrose sulphate, binds to damaged mucosa and assists in the treatment of gastric ulceration. It is best given 2 hours after acid inhibitors to prevent interference.  

===Prophylaxis===

===Prophylaxis===

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

==References==

==References==

Hall, J.E., Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A., (2005) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition)''' ''BSAVA''

Hall, J.E., Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A., (2005) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition)''' ''BSAVA''