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==Description==

==Description==

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH) is a highly contagious disease of dogs caused by [[Canine Adenovirus 1]] (CAV1).

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH) is a highly contagious disease of dogs caused by [[Canine Adenovirus 1]] (CAV1). This virus is closely related to Canine Adenovirus 2, which causes respiratory disease.

Canine adenovirus 1 (CAV1) initially infects and replicates in the cells of the oropharynx, before establishing a viraemia. A tropism for endothelial cells exists, leading to attack of the liver sinusoids and the lining of the gall bladder. Kuppfer cells are also affected. This results in hepatitis.

Canine Adenovirus 1 may be shed in the urine for up to nine months following an active infection, and is also spread by infected faeces and fomites. After invasion via the oronasal route,

 

CAV1 infects and replicates in the cells of the oropharynx. A viraemia becomes established, which allows dissemination of infection to other tissues. CAV1 has a tropism for hepatic parenchyma and vascular endothelium, and so the key target organs are the liver, vascular endothelium, kidney and eye.

In foxes, the virus replicates in the endothelial cells of the brain resulting in neuronal damage, fits, and paralysis.

==Signalment==

==Signalment==