1,841 bytes removed ,  19:35, 26 July 2010
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{|cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
{|cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
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| Also known as:
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| '''Lipid Mobilisation Syndrome'''
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|-
 
| See also:
 
| See also:
 
| '''Hyperlipaemia''' in [[Hyperlipaemia - Horse|'''horses''']] and [[Hyperlipaemia - Donkey|'''donkeys''']]<br>
 
| '''Hyperlipaemia''' in [[Hyperlipaemia - Horse|'''horses''']] and [[Hyperlipaemia - Donkey|'''donkeys''']]<br>
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On ultrasound, an enlarged and diffusely hyperechoeic liver is seen.
 
On ultrasound, an enlarged and diffusely hyperechoeic liver is seen.
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===Pathology===
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*enlarged [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] with round edges
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*lightish yellow in colour
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*cut surface is uniform and greasy to handle
    
==Histopathology==
 
==Histopathology==
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==Hepatic lipidosis - fatty liver syndrome==
 
==Hepatic lipidosis - fatty liver syndrome==
*also known as lipid mobilisation syndrome
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*any persistent abnormal accumulation of fat within [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] cells
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*associated with
 
*associated with
 
**dietary factors: obesity and starvation
 
**dietary factors: obesity and starvation
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**''[[DM|Diabetes mellitus]]'', ketosis, and pregnancy toxaemia in pathological conditions
 
**''[[DM|Diabetes mellitus]]'', ketosis, and pregnancy toxaemia in pathological conditions
 
**abnormal hepatocytic function: prevents fatty acids from forming complexes with proteins to form low density lipoproteins for secretion into the blood
 
**abnormal hepatocytic function: prevents fatty acids from forming complexes with proteins to form low density lipoproteins for secretion into the blood
*enlarged [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] with round edges
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*lightish yellow in colour
  −
*cut surface is uniform and greasy to handle
      
The following are several important specific diseases in which fatty change is the main finding:
 
The following are several important specific diseases in which fatty change is the main finding:
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====Feline====
   −
===associated with obesity===
  −
Overfeeding will lead to the accumulation of fat in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
     −
This is a normal physiological function but if a sudden check in dietary intake is imposed it may tip such an animal into serious ill health
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====Bovine====
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*fat cow syndrome (extreme form of fatty liver)
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*occurs in well-fed dairy cows a few days postpartum
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*an excessive accumulation of liver fat without being able to export it from the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] (during late dry period and early lactation)
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*amount of fat deposited influenced by:
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**Body Condition Score (how fat the cow is)
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**Milk Yield (energy requirement)
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**Appetite (low in fat cows)
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*triggered by various conditions:
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**abomasal displacement
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**mastitis
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**metritis
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**retained [[Gestation -Placenta - Anatomy & Physiology|placenta]]
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*can be fatal due to [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] failure (up to 25% has been reported)
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=====Clinical=====
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*cow is sick
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*poor appetite
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*excessive weight loss
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*downer
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*high incidence of post parturient disease
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=====Gross=====
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*fat infiltration of [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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*enlarged
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*rounded edges
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*pale yellow colour
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*friable
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  −
NB: will also get fat infiltration of [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] in cows which have not been eating for several days so interpret carefully
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=====Prevention=====
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*dry off cows at correct BCS (up to 3.5)
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*do not adjust BCS during dry period
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*do not starve fat dry cows
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*maintain appetite over late dry and calving period to prevent excessive weight loss and fat mobilisation
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*use transistion diet
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====Feline====
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*feline fatty [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] syndrome
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*fairly similar and associated solely with obesity
   
*diagnosis on cytology/histopathology
 
*diagnosis on cytology/histopathology
 
*Survival rate is only 50-60%
 
*Survival rate is only 50-60%
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*Higher serum triglycerides in lipidotic cats compared to controls
 
*Higher serum triglycerides in lipidotic cats compared to controls
   −
[[Hyperlipidaemia - Horse ]]
     −
[[White Liver Disease - Ovine]]
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===associated with derangement of carbohydrate metabolism===
 
===associated with derangement of carbohydrate metabolism===
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