Cow Mammary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology

The mammary gland of the cow takes on added significance due to the importance of milk as a human food source.

General Structure

• Mammary gland comprises four mammary complexes, which are separate units, consolidated in a single mass - the udder.
  • Udder hangs from the caudal abdomen and pelvis.
    • Quarters: all four parts of the bovine udder, each associated with one teat. All four quarters are completely separated from each other.

• Accessory teats, sometimes associated with functional glandular tissue common.
  • Undesirable, may complicate milking if fused or too close to principle teats.

Appearance

• Varies greatly with breed.