Avian Liver - Anatomy & Physiology

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Introduction

Includes development and overview of the system (Paragraph format)

Structure

• 2 lobes

• Dark brown coloured

• Right lobe larger than left lobe

• Ventral and caudal to the heart

• CLosely associated to the proventriculus and spleen

• Thin capsule

• Indistinct lobation

Vasculature

• See liver vasculature

Innervation

• See liver innervation

Lymphatics

• See liver lymphatics

Histology

• Polyhedral and angular cells

• Larger cells than in mammals

• Large, spherical nucleus

• Base of cell forms a wall of the sinusoid

• Cell apices communicate with the bile canaliculi

• Granular cytoplasm

• Liver cords form columns around the interlobular bile capillary. The cell arrangement is simpler than in mammals.

• Sinusoids anastamose freely

• Kupfer cells present

• Reticular fibres support the liver cords

• Elastic fibres in the capsule and vessels