Pituitary Gland Flash Cards - Anatomy & Physiology

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Pituitary Gland

Question	Answer	Article
Describe the location of the Pituitary Gland.	The pituitary gland, or hypophysis lies within a bony cavity, the Sella Turcica, in the base of the skull just ventral to the hypothalamus. It lies between the more rostral Optic Chiasma, and the more caudal Mammillary Bodies.	Answer article
Label the diagram: ©RVC 2008	A = Pars Tuberalis B = Pars Distalis C = Pars Intermedia D = Pars Nervosa	Answer article
Which sections of the Pituitary Gland labelled above make up the Adenohypophysis and Neurohypophysis:	Adenohypophysis: A = Pars Tuberalis, B = Pars Distalis C = Pars IntermediaB,C Neurohypophysis: D = Pars Nervosa	Answer article
What is the blood supply to the Pituitary Gland:	Superior Hypophyseal Arteries	Answer article
What part of the Pituitary Gland does this histological section represent: ©RVC 2008	Pars Nervosa	Answer Article
Which parts of the Pituitary Gland does this histological section represent: ©RVC 2008	Pars Intermedia (Upper Right) Pars Distalis (Lower Left) Sections Separated by the residual lumen of Rathke's Pouch - the Hypophyseal Cleft.	Answer Article
What part of the Pituitary Gland does this histological section represent: ©RVC 2008	Pars Distalis	Answer Article
What are the cell types within the Pars Distalis and what hormones do they produce?	Corticotropes - POMC which is then cleaved to Adrenocorticotropin Hormone - ACTH Thyrotropes - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Gonadotropes - Luteinising Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Lactotropes - Prolactin Somatotropes - Growth Hormone.	Answer article
What is secreted by the Posterior Pituitary Gland and what are their actions:	Oxytocin - Promotes milk let down and uterine contractions during parturtion. Anti Diuretic Hormone - ADH - Acts on the renal tubules to minimise water loss into the urine.	Answer article
Decribe how Milk Let-Down is initiated:	Impulses travel via superfical sensory pathways and the inguinal nerve. Afferent sensory neurons enter the lumbar part of the spinal cord to the thalmus. They reach the cell bodies of neuroendocrine cells Oxytocin is then released from the nerve endings in the posterior pituitary gland. Oxytocin enters capillaries and the systemic circulation. Mammillary cappillaries contract, pressure within the alveoli increases. Resistance in excretory ducts and teat canal is reduced. Increased milk outflow.	Answer article