| Substance |
Proximal Tubule |
Loop of Henle |
Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct |
Hormonal Influences |
| Sodium |
- Passively enters the cell via ion channels or co-transporters in the apical membrane.
- Is pumped out of the cell via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
- Link to Article
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| Potassium |
- Potassium mainly moves across the membrane via the paracellular route.
- It is then pumped into the cell in exchange for sodium via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
- It then leaves the cell using a co-transporter with chlorine
- Link to Article
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| Urea |
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| Water |
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| Glucose |
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| Protein |
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| Calcium |
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| H+ and HCO3- |
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| Organic Acids and Bases |
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