Difference between revisions of "Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus"

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[[Category:Lentiviruses]][[Category:Goat]][[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
 
[[Category:Lentiviruses]][[Category:Goat]][[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
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[[Category:Respiratory_Viral_Infections]]

Revision as of 10:44, 20 July 2010



CAEV

Antigenicity

  • Serologically related to Visna-Maedi with antigenic and genetic envelope differences

Hosts

  • Goats

Pathogenesis

Epidemiology

  • Transfer via milk and colostrum, particularly batch-mixing
  • Present in 10% of UK herds
  • Clinical disease is rare

Diagnosis

  • Visna-Maedi serology (ELISA) test can be used to remove positive stock

Control

  • Separate kids from virus positive mothers at birth
  • Treat mother's colostrum (56 deg for 1 hour)
  • Rear on artificial milk


Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis (CAE)

  • Caused by retrovirus (lentivirus) similar to Maedi Visna in sheep described above
  • Two forms:
    • Non-suppurative leukoencephalomyelitis in young goats and kids
    • Chronic, non-suppurative arthritis-synovitis in adult goats
  • Also causes interstitial pneumonia which tends to be obscured by other clinical signs
  • Gross pathology:
    • Mainly caudal lobes
    • Lungs are firm, grey-pink with grey-white focal lesions on cut surface
  • Micro pathology:
    • Thickened alveolar wall
    • Lymphocyte infiltration and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
  • Can be confused with or coexisting with Parasitic pneumonia


    • Arthritis is commonly the main expression
    • Large limb joints are thickened
    • Carpal hygroma is often present
      • Subcutaneous cystic swelling on cranial surface of the knee, contains serous fluid
    • In advanced cases
      • Synovial villus hypertrophy
      • Necrosis
      • Mineralisation
      • Mononuclear cell infiltration
      • Pannus formation
      • Articular cartilage destruction