Category:Hepatitis, Bacterial
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Hepatitis, Bacterial
- bacteria can enter the liver through a variety of routes
- direct implantation
- eg foreign body penetration from reticulum
- direct extension from disease in adjacent tissues of supportive peritonitis
- haematogenously
- via the umbilical vein from an infected umbilicus
- via the portal vein in the alimentary tract
- via the hepatic artery in bacteraemias and septicaemias
- via the bile ducts
- direct implantation
- the liver may show microscopic evidence of involvement in a large variety of systemic infections
- these can be accompanied by jaundice
- the changes in the liver are diffuse with many small areas of necrosis surrounded by neutrophils and lymphocytes
- eg Salmonellosis or Listeriosis
Leptospirosis
- Leptospirosis icterohaemorrhagica - a septicaemic disease which affects the liver
- puppies
- Leptospirosis is an important spirochaetal group of diseases causing disease in animals and humans (zoonotic)
- Transmission
- via urine of affected animals
- organisms can remain viable for weeks in damp conditions
- method of action
- cause anaemia via intravascular haemolysis
Clinical
- fever
- dehydration
- haemorrhaging from the mucous membranes of the body
Diagnosis
- dark field microscopy on fresh urine is best
Gross
- widespread hameorrhages
- icterus
- pale foci in the liver (not always a constant finding)
- subcapsular and cortical renal haemorrhages
Microscopically
- foci of necrosis
- dissociation of hepatocytes form each other (similar to post mortem change)
- substantial haemosiderin in the Kuppfer cells (from the haemolysis)
- need to use a silver stain or immunofluorescence to demonstrate the organisms in tissues
Salmonellosis
- Salmonella dublin
- calves
Clinical
- fever
- dehydration
- diarrhoea
Gross
- severe, often haemorrhagic, inflammation in the ileum
- paratyphoid nodules - pale foci of necrosis in the liver
Microscopically
- foci of hepatocytic necrosis
- mixed mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate
NB: small foci of hepatocytic necrosis are often found as incidental lesions at post mortem examination
Other bacteria causing liver lesions
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- in all species
- causes granulomas
Actinobacillus equuli
Nocardia species
- dogs
- cause pyogranulomatous foci
Pages in category "Hepatitis, Bacterial"
The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total.