Difference between revisions of "Category:Pasteurella and Mannheimia species"

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(Created page with '{{review}} ===Overview ''Pasteurella'' and ''Mannheimia''=== *Common commensals of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract mucosa of animals *Usually opportunist…')
 
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===''Pasteurella multocida''===
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===''[[Pasteurella multocida]]''===
  
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*Large grey colonies on blood agar
 
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*Not haemolytic
 
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*Do not grow on MacConkey
 
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*Five capsular serotypes, A,B,D,E and F
 
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*Primary and secondary pathogen
 
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*Responsible for secondary infections following primary viral and mycoplasmal infections, especially in the lungs, for example during [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|Enzootic pneumonia of calves]] and pigs
 
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* Can cause vascular fragility, leading to [[Haemostasis - Pathology#Haemorrhagic Disease Due To Vascular Fragility|haemorrhagic disease]]
 
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*Involved in [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Subcutaneous abscesses|subcutaneous abscesses]] due to cat bites
 
  
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*Typa A
 
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**Commensal in upper respiratory tract of animals in UK
 
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**Primary pathogen in avian cholera - a septicaemia in chickens and turkeys
 
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**Secondary pathogen commomly repsonsible for dog and cat bite wound infections in humans and animals
 
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**Feline pyothorax and [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Abscesses|cellulitis]]
 
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**Some strains involved in [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis of pigs]], and produce osteolytic toxin
 
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**Involved in [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#In Rabbits|'Snuffles' in rabbits]], a mucopurulent rhinosinitis
 
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**Can cause pneumonia and mastitis in sheep
 
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**Associated with [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Pneumonic pasteurellosis|pneumonic pasteurellosis]] in cattle, as well as enzootic pneumonia in calves
 
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*Type B
 
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**Causes Haemorrhagic Septicaemia of cattle in Southern Europe and Asia
 
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*Type D
 
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**Primary and secondary pathogen
 
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**Causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#In Pigs|atrophic rhinitis]] along with ''[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]'' in pigs
 
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**Pneumonia in pigs
 
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**''Pasteurella multocida'' adhere to epithelium damaged by ''[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]''
 
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**Produces an osteolytic toxin (Pmt), which stimulates osteoclasts, inducing bone resorption of the nasal turbinates
 
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*Type E
 
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**Causes African Bovine Haemorrhagic Septicaemia
 
  
 
===''Pasteurella pneumotropica''===
 
===''Pasteurella pneumotropica''===

Revision as of 12:21, 14 May 2010

 This article has been peer reviewed but is awaiting expert review. If you would like to help with this, please see more information about expert reviewing.


Overview Pasteurella and Mannheimia

  • Common commensals of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract mucosa of animals
  • Usually opportunistic organisms, causing disease during times of stress, low resistance or concurrent infection
  • Not part of the human bacterial flora
  • Small Gram-negative bacilli or coccobacilli
  • Facultative anaerobes
  • Oxidase-positive
  • May show bipolar staining with polychrome stains such as Wright's stain
  • Capsules contain acidic polysaccharides


Pasteurella Properties

  • Catarrhal odour
  • Produce endotoxins which cause host damage and death
  • Their capsules resist phagocytosis


Pasteurella multocida

Pasteurella pneumotropica

  • Carried in nasopharynx of many small rodents
  • Causes pneumonia in rodents as a secondary disease

Bibersteinia trehalosi (formerly called Pasteurella trehalosi)

  • T biotypes - trehalose fermenters
  • Pneumonia in ruminants
  • Septicaemic pasteurellosis in feeder lambs
  • Mastitis in sheep

Pasteurella canis

  • Pneumonia in dogs
  • Occasionally infects wounds

Pasteurella caballi

  • Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with Streptococcus equi subspecies S. zooepidemicus
  • Equine peritonitis

Pasteurella aerogenes

  • Associated with gastroenteritis and abortion in swine



Mannheimia

Mannheimia haemolytica

  • Cause of epizootic pneumonia in cattle known as Shipping Fever, Transit Fever or pneumonic pasteurellosis (90% caused by Mannheimia haemolytica Biotype A, serotype 1 but also Pasteurella multocida
  • Usually secondary to viral infections such as parainfluenza - 3 or IBR, bacterial infections such as Mycoplasma or environmental stress
  • May contribute to Enzootic pneumonia of calves
  • Enzootic pneumonia in sheep
  • Peritonitis in sheep
  • Permeability types of pulmonary oedema
  • Septicaemia in young lambs
  • Causes gangrenous mastitis in sheep
  • Beta-haemolytic on blood agar
  • Grow weakly on MacConkey agar
  • Odourless
  • All are Mannheimia A biotypes (previously Pasterurella haemolytica)
  • Strains often produce a cytotoxin, known as leukotoxin, which kills leukocytes of ruminants
  • Leukotoxin is a member of the RTX group toxins, and is probably largely responsible for the pathogenicity of the bacteria in septicaemia and pneumonia

Mannheimia glucosida

  • Previously biotype A11
  • Respiratory condition of ruminants
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