Difference between revisions of "Chinchilla Reproduction - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| − | + | == MALE == | |
| − | + | === Scrotum and Testes === | |
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| − | == Scrotum and Testes == | ||
* Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum). | * Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum). | ||
* Thin-walled '''scrotal diverticula''' extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis. | * Thin-walled '''scrotal diverticula''' extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis. | ||
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| − | == Accessory Sex Glands== | + | === Accessory Sex Glands=== |
| − | === Vesicular Glands === | + | ==== Vesicular Glands ==== |
* Very long and tubular. | * Very long and tubular. | ||
| − | === Prostate Gland === | + | ==== Prostate Gland ==== |
* Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes. | * Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes. | ||
| − | === Bulbourethral Glands === | + | ==== Bulbourethral Glands ==== |
* Dorsolateral to '''ischiocavernosus muscles'''. | * Dorsolateral to '''ischiocavernosus muscles'''. | ||
| − | ** | + | ** Ischiocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top. |
| − | == Penis == | + | === Penis === |
| − | * Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when [[ | + | * Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when [[Erection - Anatomy & Physiology|erect]]. |
* 1.5cm in length | * 1.5cm in length | ||
* '''Sigmoid flexure''' | * '''Sigmoid flexure''' | ||
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| − | == Copulation == | + | === Copulation === |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Spermatogenesis_and_Spermiation_- Anatomy & Physiology|Spermatogenesis]] occurs at about 2-3 months. |
* Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months. | * Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months. | ||
* Breeds all year round. | * Breeds all year round. | ||
* '''Copulatory plug''' at mating. | * '''Copulatory plug''' at mating. | ||
| − | + | == FEMALE == | |
| − | = | + | === Reproductive Tract === |
| − | + | * [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|Ovaries]] are just caudolateral to the [[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidneys]]. | |
| + | * [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology#Anatomical_Types_of_Uteri|Bicornuate duplex uterus]]. | ||
| + | * [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|Uterine lumena]] do not fuse. | ||
| + | ** The two uterine horns continue into seperate [[Cervix - Anatomy & Physiology|cervices]] | ||
| + | ** Open separately into a single [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vagina]]. | ||
| + | * Membrane covers [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vaginal]] opening except at oestrus and during [[Normal Parturition - Anatomy & Physiology|parturition]]. | ||
| − | + | === Puberty and Sexual Maturity === | |
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| − | == Puberty and Sexual Maturity == | ||
* '''Puberty''' at ~8 months | * '''Puberty''' at ~8 months | ||
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| − | == Oestrous Cyclicity == | + | === Oestrous Cyclicity === |
* In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May. | * In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May. | ||
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| − | == Gestation and Offspring== | + | === Gestation and Offspring=== |
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| + | ==== Gestation ==== | ||
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| + | * Long gestation period: 111 days. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Litter ==== | ||
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* Litter size 1-6 | * Litter size 1-6 | ||
* Precocious offspring | * Precocious offspring | ||
** Weaning age is 6 weeks. | ** Weaning age is 6 weeks. | ||
| − | + | === Mammary Gland === | |
| − | == Mammary Gland == | ||
* Three pairs | * Three pairs | ||
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** Two lateral thoracic | ** Two lateral thoracic | ||
* Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle. | * Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle. | ||
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| + | [[Category:Small Mammal Reproduction]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Bullet Points]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:50, 5 July 2012
MALE
Scrotum and Testes
- Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum).
- Thin-walled scrotal diverticula extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
- Each diverticulum is occupied by the tail of the epididymis.
- On either side of the anus are two postanal sacs.
- Caudal epididymis can lie in the postanal sacs.
- Testes and head of the epididymis is in the region of the inguinal ring.
- Large fat body extends cranially into the abdominal cavity from the cranial pole of each testis.
Accessory Sex Glands
Vesicular Glands
- Very long and tubular.
Prostate Gland
- Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.
Bulbourethral Glands
- Dorsolateral to ischiocavernosus muscles.
- Ischiocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.
Penis
- Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when erect.
- 1.5cm in length
- Sigmoid flexure
- Os penis in the distal portion.
- The small supporting bone is known as the baculum.
Copulation
- Spermatogenesis occurs at about 2-3 months.
- Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months.
- Breeds all year round.
- Copulatory plug at mating.
FEMALE
Reproductive Tract
- Ovaries are just caudolateral to the kidneys.
- Bicornuate duplex uterus.
- Uterine lumena do not fuse.
- Membrane covers vaginal opening except at oestrus and during parturition.
Puberty and Sexual Maturity
- Puberty at ~8 months
- Puberty can be same year as birth, but if the chinchilla is born late in the year it will not reach puberty until the next breading season.
Oestrous Cyclicity
- In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May.
- Seasonally polyoestrus with a mean cycle of ~40 days.
- Post-partum oestrus.
- Often two litters per year, three are possible.
- Breeding life is ~10 years.
Gestation and Offspring
Gestation
- Long gestation period: 111 days.
Litter
- Litter size 1-6
- Precocious offspring
- Weaning age is 6 weeks.
Mammary Gland
- Three pairs
- One inguinal pair
- Two lateral thoracic
- Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle.