Difference between revisions of "Melioidosis"

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*Starts as a pyemia and localises in varius tissues, including the lung as abscessation
 
*Starts as a pyemia and localises in varius tissues, including the lung as abscessation
 
**Encapsulated abscesses contain yellow, caseous or creamy pus
 
**Encapsulated abscesses contain yellow, caseous or creamy pus
 +
 +
*Pathogenesis:
 +
**Infection via ingestion, inhalation or skin wounds from environment
 +
**Exotoxin, dermonecrotic protease and lecithinase implicated in pathogenicity
 +
**Strain virulence and host immunosuppression important
 +
*Clinical infections:
 +
**Opportunistic infection with stress and immunosuppression predisposing to disease
 +
**Abscesses develop in many organs including lungs, spleen, liver, joints, CNS, upper respiratory tract
 +
**Chronic, debilitating, progressive disease with long incubation period
 +
**Many animal species susceptible
 +
**Referred to as pseudoglanders in horses
 +
*Diagnosis:
 +
**Specimens: pus from abscesses, affected tissues, blood
 +
**Fluorescent antibody technique on tissue smears
 +
**Blood agar and MacConkey agar plates, incubated aerobically
 +
**Colonies have musty smell
 +
**Lactose fermentation on MacConkey
 +
**Slide agglutination
 +
**ELISA, complement fixation and indirect haemagglutination tests for serum antibodies
 +
*Treatment/control: slaughter of infected animals where exotic
 
*[[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|Pneumonia]] and arthritis are the most common presentation
 
*[[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|Pneumonia]] and arthritis are the most common presentation
 
[[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]][[Category:Sheep]]
 
[[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]][[Category:Sheep]]
 +
[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

Revision as of 09:44, 26 July 2010

(Pseudoglanders)

  • Caused by Pseudomonas (Malleomyces) pseudomallei, Closely related to P. mallei in horses
  • Causes disease in sheep, goats and pigs, occasionally other species
  • Starts as a pyemia and localises in varius tissues, including the lung as abscessation
    • Encapsulated abscesses contain yellow, caseous or creamy pus
  • Pathogenesis:
    • Infection via ingestion, inhalation or skin wounds from environment
    • Exotoxin, dermonecrotic protease and lecithinase implicated in pathogenicity
    • Strain virulence and host immunosuppression important
  • Clinical infections:
    • Opportunistic infection with stress and immunosuppression predisposing to disease
    • Abscesses develop in many organs including lungs, spleen, liver, joints, CNS, upper respiratory tract
    • Chronic, debilitating, progressive disease with long incubation period
    • Many animal species susceptible
    • Referred to as pseudoglanders in horses
  • Diagnosis:
    • Specimens: pus from abscesses, affected tissues, blood
    • Fluorescent antibody technique on tissue smears
    • Blood agar and MacConkey agar plates, incubated aerobically
    • Colonies have musty smell
    • Lactose fermentation on MacConkey
    • Slide agglutination
    • ELISA, complement fixation and indirect haemagglutination tests for serum antibodies
  • Treatment/control: slaughter of infected animals where exotic
  • Pneumonia and arthritis are the most common presentation