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Corpus Luteum Formation - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 14:08, 3 July 2012
, 14:08, 3 July 2012no edit summary
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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
[[Image:Corpus Luteum 1.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Histological Section of the Corpus Luteum showing Small Luteal Cells - Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Corpus Luteum 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Histological Section of the Corpus Luteum showing Large Luteal Cells - Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008]]
Luteinisation occurs after ovulation and the collapse of the follicle.
Luteinisation occurs after ovulation and the collapse of the follicle.
The number of [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpora lutea]] formed in the ovary at any one time is directly proportional to the number of oocytes ovulated. Therefore many [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpora lutea]] will be visible on the ovary of [[Litter Sizes - Anatomy & Physiology|polytocous]] animals. During Luteinisation there is an increase in both the size and weight due to hyperplasia (increase in cell number) and hypertrophy (increase in cell size) within the developing [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]].
The number of [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpora lutea]] formed in the ovary at any one time is directly proportional to the number of oocytes ovulated. Therefore many [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpora lutea]] will be visible on the ovary of [[Litter Sizes - Anatomy & Physiology|polytocous]] animals. During Luteinisation there is an increase in both the size and weight due to hyperplasia (increase in cell number) and hypertrophy (increase in cell size) within the developing [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]].
*There is an increase in the pigment lutein within the leteal cells.
*There is an increase in the pigment lutein within the leteal cells.
*There is development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum within luteal cells due to the increase in steroid production.
*There is development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum within luteal cells due to the increase in steroid production.
=== Cell Differentiation ===
=== Cell Differentiation ===
==== Small luteal cells (<20µm) ====
==== Small luteal cells (<20µm) ====
:* Formed from remodelled Follicular Theca cells. These cells proliferate during luteinisation.
:* Formed from remodelled Follicular Theca cells. These cells proliferate during luteinisation.
:*These cells contain many lipid droplets within their cytoplasm, an important source of cholesterol esters for [[Ovaries Endocrine_Function__- Anatomy & Physiology#Progesterone|Progesterone]] synthesis.
:*These cells contain many lipid droplets within their cytoplasm, an important source of cholesterol esters for [[Ovaries Endocrine_Function__- Anatomy & Physiology#Progesterone|Progesterone]] synthesis.
==== Large luteal cells (20-40µm) ====
==== Large luteal cells (20-40µm) ====
:*Formed from Follicular Granulosa cells that have undergone hypertrophy.
:*Formed from Follicular Granulosa cells that have undergone hypertrophy.
:*These large luteal cells are the endocrine cells of the corpus luteum producing large amounts of the hormone [[Ovaries_Endocrine_Function_- Anatomy & Physiology#Progesterone|Progesterone]].
:*These large luteal cells are the endocrine cells of the corpus luteum producing large amounts of the hormone [[Ovaries_Endocrine_Function_- Anatomy & Physiology#Progesterone|Progesterone]].
:*In some species secretory granules containing oxytocin or relaxin may be found close to the cell membrane.
:*In some species secretory granules containing oxytocin or relaxin may be found close to the cell membrane.
=== Angiogenesis ===
=== Angiogenesis ===
Control of [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]] formation and development as well as the production of [[Ovaries_Endocrine_Function_- Anatomy & Physiology#Progesterone|Progesterone]] by luteal cells is regulated principally by Luteinising Hormone.
Control of [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]] formation and development as well as the production of [[Ovaries_Endocrine_Function_- Anatomy & Physiology#Progesterone|Progesterone]] by luteal cells is regulated principally by Luteinising Hormone.
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[[Category:Female Reproduction]]
[[Category:Female Reproduction]]