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Equine Urinary System - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 15:21, 28 November 2012
, 15:21, 28 November 2012→Vascularization
The renal pelvis is located within the renal sinus. The '''renal sinus''' is located within an indentation on the medial side of the kidney. The renal sinus is a potential space, which is occupied by the ureter, branches of the renal artery and vein, lymphatics and nerves that enter the kidney at the hilus. The '''renal''' crest opens into the renal pelvis. The renal pelvis then drains into the ureters. The renal pelvis is lined with transitional epithelium and contains mucous glands in the horse; giving urine a frothy appearence. The '''terminal recess''' is unique to the horse. This is a long tube-like structure that collects urine from the poles of the kidneys into the renal pelvis.
The renal pelvis is located within the renal sinus. The '''renal sinus''' is located within an indentation on the medial side of the kidney. The renal sinus is a potential space, which is occupied by the ureter, branches of the renal artery and vein, lymphatics and nerves that enter the kidney at the hilus. The '''renal''' crest opens into the renal pelvis. The renal pelvis then drains into the ureters. The renal pelvis is lined with transitional epithelium and contains mucous glands in the horse; giving urine a frothy appearence. The '''terminal recess''' is unique to the horse. This is a long tube-like structure that collects urine from the poles of the kidneys into the renal pelvis.
===Vascularization===
===Vascularization===
The kidney receives approximately 25% of cardiac output. Each kidney is supplied by a '''renal artery''', which is a branch of the '''abdominal aorta'''. The renal artery subsequently divides at the hilus of each kidney into '''interlobar arteries''', which run to the '''corticomedullary junction'''. Here they branch into '''arcuate arteries'''. The arcuate arteries then give rise to '''interlobular arteries''' which radiate into the renal cortex. The interlobular arteries become the '''afferent arteriole''' and subsequently the capillary loops of the glomerulus. These capillary loops then unite to become the '''efferent arteriole''', which supplies a capillary network around the nephrons. This capillary network drains blood from the renal cortex into the '''interlobular veins''', '''arcuate veins''', then '''interlobar veins'''. The interlobar veins drain into the '''renal veins''', which subsequently drain into the '''caudal vena cava'''.
The renal capsule is supplied by capillary branches of the '''interlobular arteries'''. Venous drainage of the capsule is provided by the '''stellate veins''', which subsequently drain into the '''interlobular veins'''.
===Innervation===
===Innervation===
The kidney receives sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres from the '''solar plexus'''. These fibres travel with renal arteries. Sympathetic fibres synapse in '''coeliac ganglion''' and '''cranial mesenteric ganglion'''.
The kidney receives sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres from the '''solar plexus'''. These fibres travel with renal arteries. Sympathetic fibres synapse in '''coeliac ganglion''' and '''cranial mesenteric ganglion'''.