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[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

[[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

[[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder.  There are two of them, one for each kidney. The ureters run retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdominal cavity and then enters the pelvis.  Once entering the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male.  It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament.

The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder.  There are two of them, one for each kidney. The ureters run retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdominal cavity and then enters the pelvis.  Once entering the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male.  It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament. The ureter then runs intramurally (within the bladder wall) before opening into the bladder lumen at slit-like openings known as '''ostia'''.

===Wall===

===Wall===

The wall of the ureters has an internal mucosa layer formed from transitional epithelium.  This provides protection against the urine. The middle layer is a muscularis layer. This is well developed for peristalsis, though can enter into spasm on irritation. The outer layer is composed of adventitia.

The wall of the ureters has an internal mucosa layer formed from transitional epithelium.  This provides protection against the urine. The middle layer is a muscularis layer. This is well developed for peristalsis, though can enter into spasm on irritation. The outer layer is composed of adventitia. In the horse, the wall in the proximal urethra contains mucous-producing glands.

===Junction with the Bladder===

===Junction with the Bladder===

The ureter enters the bladder obliquely near the neck of the bladder and runs between the muscular layers and mucosa. They open through 2 slits on a raised '''hillock'''.

The ureter enters the bladder obliquely near the neck of the bladder and runs between the muscular layers and mucosa. They open through 2 slits on a raised '''hillock'''.

===Lymphatic Drainage===

===Lymphatic Drainage===

* Lumbar lymph nodes

* Lumbar lymph nodes

==Bladder==

==Bladder==