Changes

===Midline Palatal Separation===

===Midline Palatal Separation===

Midline palatal separation is seen primarily in cats that have fallen from a height or been involved in a road traffic accident (RTA).

Midline palatal separation is seen primarily in cats that have fallen from a height or been involved in a road traffic accident (RTA).

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

File:Midline palatal separation.jpg|Midline palatal separation

File:Midline palatal separation.jpg|Midline palatal separation

File:Midline palatal separation radiograph.jpg

File:Midline palatal separation radiograph.jpg|Radiograph of midline palatal separation

</gallery></center>

</gallery></center>

===Palatine fractures===

===Palatine fractures===

Unstable fragments from maxillary and palatine shelf fractures result in a malocclusion due to a shifting of the maxillary arcade. Osteosynthesis using cerclage wire and/or a transfixation pin or reconstruction of the dental arch using locking bone plate and screw systems is recommended. Intra-oral splints made from acrylic can be used to stabilize fractures if the displacement is not too severe.  

Unstable fragments from maxillary and palatine shelf fractures result in a malocclusion due to a shifting of the maxillary arcade. Osteosynthesis using cerclage wire and/or a transfixation pin or reconstruction of the dental arch using locking bone plate and screw systems is recommended. Intra-oral splints made from acrylic can be used to stabilize fractures if the displacement is not too severe.  

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

 

</gallery></center>

</gallery></center>

===Incisive Bone Fractures===

===Incisive Bone Fractures===

These fractures are usually minimally displaced and can be repaired using cerclage wire and acrylic splint quite successfully.  

These fractures are usually minimally displaced and can be repaired using cerclage wire and acrylic splint quite successfully.  

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

 

</gallery></center>

</gallery></center>

===Zygomatic Arch Fractures ===

===Zygomatic Arch Fractures ===

These are often associated with trauma to the eye and orbit. The fracture can result in displacement of the eye caudally or ventrally if the lateral support is lost or can result in exophthalmos if the bone fragments are displaced medially.  

These are often associated with trauma to the eye and orbit. The fracture can result in displacement of the eye caudally or ventrally if the lateral support is lost or can result in exophthalmos if the bone fragments are displaced medially.  

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

 

</gallery></center>

</gallery></center>

===Temporomandibular Joint Fractures ===

===Temporomandibular Joint Fractures ===

These are usually seen in combination with other maxillofacial injuries. Depending on the degree of displacement, the fracture may or may not result in a [[Dental Malocclusion|malocclusion]]. The fracture may involve the condylar process (of the mandible) '''(fig8)''' and/or the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone of the maxilla. <font color="red">'''(fig9)'''</font color>

These are usually seen in combination with other maxillofacial injuries. Depending on the degree of displacement, the fracture may or may not result in a [[Dental Malocclusion|malocclusion]]. The fracture may involve the condylar process (of the mandible) and/or the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone of the maxilla. <font color="red">'''(fig9)'''</font color>

If the articular surface of the joint is involved, then a condylectomy is recommended. If not, maxillomandibular fixation is usually adequate. In some cases a muzzle may suffice.  

If the articular surface of the joint is involved, then a condylectomy is recommended. If not, maxillomandibular fixation is usually adequate. In some cases a muzzle may suffice.  

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

<center><gallery widths=250px heights=180px mode="traditional">

 

</gallery></center>

</gallery></center>