Changes

==Endocrine Function==

==Endocrine Function==

*Functional units are the islets of Langerhans, which are embedded throughout the exocrine tissue.

*Functional units are the '''islets of Langerhans''', which are embedded throughout the exocrine tissue.

*Cells of the islets produce hormones that maintain normoglycaemia.

*Cells of the islets produce hormones that maintain normoglycaemia.

*There are ''four'' different cell types within each islet that each produce different hormones.

*There are ''four'' different cell types within the islets of Langerhans that each produce different hormones.

**α cells produce '''glucagon'''

**α cells produce glucagon. Typically located at the periphery of the islet. Not present in all islets.

**β cells produce '''insulin'''

**β cells produce insulin. The predominant cell type.

**δ cells produce '''somatostatin'''

**δ cells produce somatostatin. Low numbers in all islets.

**F cells produce '''pancreatic polypeptide'''

**F cells produce pancreatic polypeptide

**Glucagon raises the blood glucose level.

**Glucagon raises the blood glucose level.

**Insulin decreses the blood glucose level.

**Insulin decreses the blood glucose level.