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| ====Pathogenesis==== | | ====Pathogenesis==== |
− | *Sporadically induce a fatal over-active T cell division, where virus encodes anti-apoptotic protein in dead-end host | + | [[Image:MCF1.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Sever Oculo-nasal Discharge of MCF (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] |
− | *'''Latent''' infection | + | *Clinical signs in cattle: [[Image:MCF2.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Fissures on tongue (no vesicles) in MCF (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] |
| + | **Necrotising lesions in upper respiratory tract and eye: conjunctivitis and corneal oedema / opacity (keratitis or "blue eye" - characteristic feature) |
| + | **Fever and [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] with severe oculo-nasal discharge |
| + | **Not eating, dull with ulcers on muzzle may spread to rest of face with brown exudate |
| + | **Ulcers also on tongue, dental pad, and cheeks that regularly become secondarily infected |
| + | **Lymphocyte proliferation progresses in lymphoid tissue and blood until death |
| + | |
| + | *Lymph nodes completely replaced by [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology#Follicles|lymphoblasts]] - similar to [[lymphosarcoma]]; synonym lymphoma. (resembles lymphotropic herpes virus such as [[Epstein Barr]]) |
| + | *Also vasculitis with medial necrosis of blood vessels throughout body with infiltration of walls of vessels by [[Lymphocytes - WikiBlood|lymphocytes]]. |
| + | *Ulcers are due to hypoxia of epithelium resulting from vascular lesions |
| + | *Sporadically induce a fatal '''over-active T cell division''', where virus encodes anti-apoptotic protein in dead-end host |
| + | *'''Latent''' infection that is invariably fatal |
| *Virus excretion increased during periparturient period | | *Virus excretion increased during periparturient period |
− | *Clinical signs in cattle: | + | |
− | **Necrotising lesions in upper respiratory tract, [[Cavity & Gingiva - Pathology#Malignant Catarrhal Fever|gingiva]] and eye | + | ====Epidemiology==== |
− | **Lymphocyte proliferation progresses in lymphoid tissue and blood until death | + | *Not all that common in UK |
| + | *Affects whole body but especially evident clinically in face and mouth |
| + | *Sporadic and often seen in animals mixing with sheep (carriers) |
| + | *In parts of Africa see long outbreaks (diff serotypes) carried by Wildebeest |
| + | *In deer produces very serious outbreaks, probably primarily sheep virus |
| + | *Often youngish animal 6 months to 1 year |
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| ====Control==== | | ====Control==== |
| *Wildebeest should not be stocked in zoos where possible | | *Wildebeest should not be stocked in zoos where possible |
| *Sheep and deer should be housed separately | | *Sheep and deer should be housed separately |