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==Swine Dysentery==
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==[[Swine Dysentery]]==
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* Swine dysentery gives rise to fibrinous/ haemorrhagic enteritis.
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* A quite common and important disease.
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* The disease is caused by [[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae|''Brachyspira hyodysenteriae'']].
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** Is not seen in gnotobiotic animals -  other enteric pathogens such as [[Fusobacterium|''Fusobacterium'']] or [[Bacteroides|''Bacteroides'']] may therefore also be required in order to produce disease.
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* The disease is NOT systemic.
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** Localised to the [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]]- in particular, the spiral [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].
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* Swine dysentery is spread by the faeco-oral route, and is carried by pigs and rodents.
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===Clinical===
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* Affects post weaning pigs at approximately 4 months of age.
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* White scour becomes a liquid dirty red / brown scour with a foul smell.
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** Contains poorly digested focal shreds of mucosa and fibrin strands.
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*** '''Mucoid covered faeces'''.
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* There are three outcomes to infection; the animal may:
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** Die
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** There is a morbidity up to 90% in the herd, with up to 50% mortality.
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** Recover
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** Become chronically infected.
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* Symptoms are due to loss of absorption in [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].
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** The [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] is normally a key site of absorption for water and electrolytes in the pig.
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===Pathology===
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* The serosa of the spiral [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] may appear shiny from the outside. 
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** Is turgid and oedematous.
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** In severe cases, haemorrhage may be seen. 
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* The [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] NOT affected. 
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* Fibrinous deposits are seen on the mucosa as the disease progresses. 
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** The mucosa underneath is eroded to expose blood vessels in lamina propria.
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*** Accounts for the bleeding.
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* Animals often recover, but have a low feed conversion ratio for sometime.
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===Diagnosis===
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* Silver stains show organisms in the epithelium of the mucosa.
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* Also by immunofluorescence or electron microscopy.
      
==Parvovirus Enteritis==  
 
==Parvovirus Enteritis==  
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