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Image:Canine nasal asper radiograph.jpg|<center><p>'''Canine nasal aspergillus radiograph'''</p><sup>Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath</sup></center></gallery>
Image:Canine nasal asper radiograph.jpg|<center><p>'''Canine nasal aspergillus radiograph'''</p><sup>Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath</sup></center></gallery>
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===''Aspergillus fumigatus''===
[[Image:Aspergillus pneumonia of cattle.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Aspergillus hyphae in cattle lung (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
[[Image:Aspergillosis in nasal cavity.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Nasal aspergillosis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
*[[Aspergillus spp.|''Aspergillus fumigatus'']]
*Most commonly in dogs but also other species
*Causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|rhinitis]], often also involves the [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of sinusitis|frontal sinus]]
*Chronic necrotising inflammation with friable exudate containing necrotic tissue and fungal hyphae
* Result in severe neutrophilic [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology|rhinitis]]/[[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|sinusitis]]
*These lesions can be aggressive causing destruction of turbinates and nasal septum
*Can occur secondary to areas of mucosal compromise eg: adjacent to a space-occupying lesion
*Can cause pulmonary aspergillosis especially in '''birds''', but also other animals
**Initiated by inhalation of spores,the most likely source of which is mouldy feed and bedding
**Given the wide exposure that occurs, it is thought that immunodeficiency may contribute to colonisation with this organism
**Gross lesions :
***Multiple discrete grey/ white nodules which develop around fungal colonies
***Blood vessels can become involved in the lesions -> invasion, haemorrhage or thrombosis
**Histologically:
***Granulomatous chronic lesions
***Macrophages and epithelioid cells
***Fibrous capsule
*In horses:
**[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Nasal aspergillosis]]
**[[Guttural Pouches Inflammatory - Pathology|Guttural pouch infections]] in horses - fungal plaques form on the adventitia of the carotid arteries can lead to catastrophic haemorrhage following erosion of carotid arteries!
**Often present with [[Respiratory System Clinical Signs - Pathology#Epistaxis|epistaxis]]
**May present with neurological dysfunction
**Rarely extends to other resions: cranium, middle ear, atlanto-occipital joint
**May extend to [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of sinusitis|sinuses]]
[[Category:Systemic_Mycoses]]
[[Category:Systemic_Mycoses]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Fungi]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Fungi]]