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Control of Feeding - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 12:08, 26 July 2010
, 12:08, 26 July 2010→The Vomit Reflex
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*Emesis is the process of vomiting
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−*Persistent vomiting can be exhausting and can lead to metabolic alkalosis, dehydration and electrolyte inbalances which may require fluid therapy
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−*Extreme cases of persistent vomiting can lead to shock
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−*Retching involves the abdominal and chest walls contracting
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−*Vomiting includes retching and the action of the diaphragm
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−*Diaphragm moves caudal to open the cardia
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−*Gastrointestinal tract have protective stimuli to recognise harmful products ingested. The mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors respond using viscerent afferent pathways.
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−*Medulla co-ordinates process
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−*Chemoreceptive trigger zone in the 4th ventricle responds to blood and CSF
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−*Inputs also from inner ear and higher centres
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−*Emetic agents can be used in cases of gastric obstruction and to remove non-corrosive poisons from the stomach (for corrosive poisons charcoal can be used which will help adsorb the substance and decrease its absorbtion into the GIT)
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−*For more information on emetic and anti-emetic drugs click [[Emetics and Anti-Emetic Drugs|here]]
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−===Emetic agents===
−*Drugs cause emesis by irritating the gastric mucosa
−**Histamine
−**ACh
−**Dopamine
−**Catecholamines
−**5-hydroxytryptamine
−**Substance P
−**Enkephalins
−**NK1 receptor agonists
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−===Anti-emetic agents===
−*Anti-emetic agents can be used to treat motion sickness and to treat or prevent vomiting
−**Dopamine (D2) receptor antagonists
−**5-hydroxytryptamine antagonists
−**NK1 receptor antagonists
−**Muscarinic receptor antagonists
−**Histamine (H1) receptor antagonists
−**Gastroprotective agents
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−==The Vomit Reflex==
+==[[Vomiting#The Vomit Reflex|The Vomit Reflex]]==
−[[Image:The Vomit Reflex Pathway.jpg|right|thumb|150px|The Vomit Reflex - Copyright nabrown RVC]]
−==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==