Difference between revisions of "Odontodystrophy"

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*Damage to [[Ameloblasts|ameloblasts]] (which form [[Enamel|enamel]]) in utero upsets permanent incisor formation.  
Also known as: '''''Enamel Hypoplasia'''''
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*[[Enamel|Enamel]] is marked by pits, lines etc.  
 
 
== Introduction ==
 
[[Image:enamal-hypoplasia.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small>Enamal (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))<center></center></small>]]
 
This condition is a consequence of abnormalities occurring during the period of [[Tooth Eruption|tooth eruption]]. It involves damage to [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Ameloblasts|ameloblasts]] (which form [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Enamel|enamel]]) in utero, which upsets permanent incisor formation. The [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Enamel|enamel]] is marked by pits and lines etc.  
 
 
 
In ruminants, damage to [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Enamel|enamel]] formation is most often caused by fluoride poisoning and is seen in cattle grazing on pasture contaminated by cement works effluent.
 
 
 
In dogs, hypoplasia may occur following a [[Canine Distemper Virus]] (CDV) infection during tooth development. This is a very severe systemic disease seen early in life or in utero in dogs. For more small animal specific information please see [[Tooth Developmental Problems#Enamel Dysplasia|Enamel Dysplasia]]
 
 
 
Hypoplasia may also occur in single teeth following damage to the permanent tooth germ, for example if a deciduous tooth is fractured or extracted without care. The damaged ameloblasts will fail to form enamel and abnormalities will be evident.
 
 
 
== Clinical Signs ==
 
In ruminants, one will see a chalky mottling and yellow brown pitting of the [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|tooth]], due to enamel hypoplasia. There is usually no difficulty in mastication detected and the animal is clinically well.
 
 
 
In dogs, enamel hypoplasia may result in severe discoloration or pitting of a tooth or teeth due to the effect on [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Enamel|enamel]] formation.
 
 
 
== Diagnosis ==
 
Clinical signs are diagnostic, plus history e.g. of CDV in dogs, fluoride in cattle.
 
 
 
== Treatment and Control ==
 
There is no treatment for this condition. Control measures are prevention of the causes of the disease, e.g. vaccination against CDV and prevention of fluoride poisoning in cattle.
 
 
 
If only a single tooth is affected, restorative treatment can be performed using dental composites or a metal-alloy jacket crown.
 
 
 
{{Learning
 
|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/search?s=Odontodystrophy Odontodystrophy]
 
|flashcards = [[Veterinary Dentistry Q&A 13]]
 
}}
 
 
 
== References ==
 
Tutt, C., Deeprose, J. and Crossley, D. (2007) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Dentistry''' (3rd Edition), ''British Small Animal Veterinary Association.''
 
 
 
Williams, A (2008) '''Alimentary System Study Guide,''''' Royal Veterinary College.''
 
 
 
Verstraete, F. (1999) '''Self-assessment colour review in Veterinary Dentistry''' ''Manson Publishing''
 
 
 
 
 
{{review}}
 
 
 
{{OpenPages}}
 
  
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====In ruminants:====
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*Damage to [[Enamel|enamel]] formation most often caused by fluoride poisoning. 
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*Seen in cattle grazing on pasture contaminated by cement works effluent.
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*Chalky mottling and yellow brown pitting of [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|tooth]].
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====In canines:====
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[[Image:enamal-hypoplasia.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small>Enamal Hypoplasia Following a CDV infection (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))<center></center></small>]]
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Very severe systemic disease early in life / or in utero may result in severe discoloration or pitting of teeth due to effect on [[Enamel|enamel]] formation. (e.g. [[Canine Distemper Virus|distemper in dog]])
 
[[Category:Teeth - Degenerative Pathology]]
 
[[Category:Teeth - Degenerative Pathology]]
[[Category:Dental Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Dental Diseases - Dog]]
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[[Category:Oral Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]]
[[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

Revision as of 16:47, 17 January 2011

  • Damage to ameloblasts (which form enamel) in utero upsets permanent incisor formation.
  • Enamel is marked by pits, lines etc.

In ruminants:

  • Damage to enamel formation most often caused by fluoride poisoning.
  • Seen in cattle grazing on pasture contaminated by cement works effluent.
  • Chalky mottling and yellow brown pitting of tooth.

In canines:

Enamal Hypoplasia Following a CDV infection (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))

Very severe systemic disease early in life / or in utero may result in severe discoloration or pitting of teeth due to effect on enamel formation. (e.g. distemper in dog)