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| − | ===Hyperplastic===
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| − | ====[[Polychlorinated Napthalene Poisoning]]====
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| − | ===Papular===
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| − | ====Orf====
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| − | ====Bovine Papular stomatitis====
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| − | Papular proliferative pathology
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| − | [[Image:BPS.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Ring Zone Lesions of BPS - Calf (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
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| − | *Parapox virus
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| − | *Very similar disease to orf but seen in cattle and generally milder condition.
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| − | *'''Must be differentiated from [[#Foot and Mouth disease|Foot and Mouth Disease]] and [[#Bovine Viral Diarrhoea / Mucosal disease|Mucosal Disease.]]'''
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| − | *Sporadic, in cattle, less than 1 year old.
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| − | *Develop papules on the muzzle, external nares and in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]; the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Stomach and Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|forestomachs]] may also be affected.
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| − | *Usually heals spontaneously.
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| − | =====Pathogenesis=====
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| − | *The early lesions are round areas of intense congestion up to 1.5 cm in diameter.
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| − | *The centre becomes necrotic and slightly depressed.
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| − | *Slow peripheral extension of this lesion gives a classical ring zone formation with concentric rings of
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| − | **yellow (necrosis),
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| − | **grey (epithelial hyperplasia)
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| − | **red (congestion).
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| − | =====Histology=====
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| − | *There are focal areas of hydropic degeneration in the stratum spinosum
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| − | *Large eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion
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| − | *Epidermis is markedly thickened.
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| − | *The superficial layers of the epithelium become necrotic and slough.
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| − | *''Vesicle formation is not a feature of this disease.''
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| − | ====Papilloma====
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| − | ===Neoplastic===
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| − | ====Squamous cell carcinoma====
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| − | [[Image:oral squamous cell carcinoma.jpg|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>'''Oral squamous cell carcinoma'''. Courtesy of T. Scase</center></small>]] neoplastic
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| | [[Category:Oral_Cavity_and_Gingiva_-_Pathology]] | | [[Category:Oral_Cavity_and_Gingiva_-_Pathology]] |
