Difference between revisions of "Systemic Mycoses - Flashcards"

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{{toplink
+
==<font color="black">Adiaspiromycosis</font>==
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|backcolour = f5fffa
+
<FlashCard questions="2">
−
|linkpage =Systemic Mycoses
+
|q1=What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?
−
|linktext =SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
+
|a1=
−
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs
+
*Non-contageous
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|subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS
+
*Pulmonary mycosis
−
|pagetype =Bugs
+
*Respiratory infection
−
}}
+
|l1=Adiaspiromycosis
−
==<font color="purple">Adiaspiromycosis</font>==
+
|q2=Which animals are mostly affected?
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
|a2=
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
+
*Rodents
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
+
*Small animals
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
+
|l2=Adiaspiromycosis
−
|-
+
</FlashCard>
−
|<big>'''What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Non-contageous'''''
 
−
*'''''Pulmonary mycosis'''''
 
−
*'''''Respiratory infection'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Adiaspiromycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''Which animals are mostly affected?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Rodents'''''
 
−
*'''''Small animals'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Adiaspiromycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
==<font color="purple">Aspergillosis</font>==
+
 
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
==<font color="black">Aspergillosis</font>==
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
+
<FlashCard questions="6">
−
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
+
|q1=<small>Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections:
−
!width="150"|'''Article'''
+
<br />Aspergiollosis is found _____. It is widely present in _____ and can colonise a _____ range of substrates under _____ environmental conditions. It is abundant in ______ and ______ which have ______ during storage.
−
|-
+
|a1=Aspergiollosis is found worldwide. It is widely present in nature and can colonise a wide range of substrates under different> environmental conditions. It is abundant in hay, straw and grain which have heated during storage.
−
|<big>'''Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections'''
+
|l1=Aspergillosis
−
||<big>Aspergiollosis is found <font color="white">'''''worldwide'''''</font>. It is widely present in <font color="white">'''''nature'''''</font> and can colonise a <font color="white">'''''wide'''''</font> range of substrates under <font color="white">'''''different'''''</font> environmental conditions. It is abundant in <font color="white">'''''hay, straw'''''</font> and <font color="white">'''''grain'''''</font> which have <font color="white">'''''heated'''''</font> during storage.
+
|q2=What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
|a2=
−
|-
+
*Diarrhoea
−
|<big>'''What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?'''
+
*Listlessness
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Pyrexia
−
*'''''Diarrhoea'''''
+
*Loss of appetite
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*'''''Listlessness'''''
+
*Loss of condition
−
*'''''Pyrexia'''''
+
*Convulsions
−
*'''''Loss of appetite'''''
+
*Death
−
*'''''Loss of condition'''''
+
|l2=Aspergillosis
−
*'''''Convulsions'''''
+
|q3=What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?
−
*'''''Death'''''
+
|a3=
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Up to 2mm in diameter
−
|-
+
*Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre
−
|<big>'''What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?'''
+
*Miliary lesions in acute infections
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections
−
*'''''Up to 2mm in diameter'''''
+
|l3=Aspergillosis
−
*'''''Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre'''''
+
|q4=What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?
−
*'''''Miliary lesions in acute infections'''''
+
|a4=
−
*'''''Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections'''''
+
*Gutteral pouch mycosis
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD)
−
|-
+
*Mycotic abortion
−
|<big>'''What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?'''
+
|l4=Aspergillosis
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|q5=What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
−
*'''''Gutteral pouch mycosis'''''
+
|a5=
−
*'''''Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD)'''''
+
*White colonies initially
−
*'''''Mycotic abortion'''''
+
*Colonies turn green and then dark green
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Flat and velvety
−
|-
+
*Colony colour varies with species
−
|<big>'''What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?'''
+
|l5=Aspergillosis
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|q6=How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?
−
*'''''White colonies initially'''''
+
|a6=
−
*'''''Colonies turn green and then dark green'''''
+
*Surgery
−
*'''''Flat and velvety'''''
+
*Antifungal drugs
−
*'''''Colony colour varies with species'''''
+
*Ketoconazole
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Nystatin
−
|-
+
*Amphotericin B
−
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?'''
+
*5-fluorocytosine
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Thiabendazole
−
*'''''Surgery'''''
+
|l6=Aspergillosis
−
*'''''Antifungal drugs'''''
+
</FlashCard>
−
**'''''Ketoconazole'''''
 
−
**'''''Nystatin'''''
 
−
**'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 
−
**'''''5-fluorocytosine'''''
 
−
**'''''Thiabendazole'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
==<font color="purple">Blastomycosis</font>==
+
 
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
==<font color="black">Blastomycosis</font>==
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
+
<FlashCard questions="5">
−
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
+
|q1=Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?
−
!width="150"|'''Article'''
+
|a1=
−
|-
+
*Respiratory infection
−
|<big>'''Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?'''
+
*Lesions start in the lungs
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Haematogenous dissemination
−
*'''''Respiratory infection'''''
+
*Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia
−
*'''''Lesions start in the lungs'''''
+
*Fatal if not treated
−
*'''''Haematogenous dissemination'''''
+
*Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules
−
*'''''Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia'''''
+
|l1=Blastomycosis
−
*'''''Fatal if not treated'''''
+
|q2=What do colonies look like on Blood agar?
−
*'''''Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules'''''
+
|a2=
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Cream coloured
−
|-
+
*Waxy
−
|<big>'''What do colonies look like on Blood agar?'''
+
*Crinkled
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|l2=Blastomycosis
−
*'''''Cream coloured'''''
+
|q3=What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
−
*'''''Waxy'''''
+
|a3=
−
*'''''Crinkled'''''
+
*Grey coloured
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Moist
−
|-
+
*White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black
−
|<big>'''What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?'''
+
|l3=Blastomycosis
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|q4=How would you diagnose an infection?
−
*'''''Grey coloured'''''
+
|a4=
−
*'''''Moist'''''
+
*Clinical signs
−
*'''''White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black'''''
+
*Complement fixation test
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*ELISA
−
|-
+
*Counterimmunoelectrophoresis
−
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
+
|l4=Blastomycosis
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|q5=How would you treat an infection?
−
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
+
|a5=
−
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
+
*Amphotericin B
−
*'''''ELISA'''''
+
*Imidazoles
−
*'''''Counterimmunoelectrophoresis'''''
+
|l5=Blastomycosis
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
</FlashCard>
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 
−
*'''''Imidazoles'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
==<font color="purple">Coccidioidomycosis</font>==
+
 
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
==<font color="black">Coccidioidomycosis</font>==
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
+
<FlashCard questions="3">
−
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
+
|q1=What environmental conditions does ''Coccidioides immitis'' prefer?
−
!width="150"|'''Article'''
+
|a1=
−
|-
+
*Arid
−
|<big>'''What environmental conditions does ''Coccidioides immitis'' prefer?'''
+
*Dusty
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA
−
*'''''Arid'''''
+
|l1=Coccidioidomycosis
−
*'''''Dusty'''''
+
|q2=Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?
−
*'''''E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA'''''
+
|a2=
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Coccidioidomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Respiratory infection
−
|-
+
*Causes localised nodules and granulomas
−
|<big>'''Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?'''
+
*Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones
−
*'''''Respiratory infection'''''
+
|l2=Coccidioidomycosis
−
*'''''Causes localised nodules and granulomas'''''
+
|q3=How would you diagnose an infection?
−
*'''''Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs'''''
+
|a3=
−
*'''''Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones'''''
+
*Clinical signs
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Coccidioidomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Complement fixation test
−
|-
+
*Latex agglutination
−
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
+
*Immunodiffusion
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*A positive skin test indicates exposure
−
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
+
|l3=Coccidioidomycosis
−
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
+
</FlashCard>
−
*'''''Latex agglutination'''''
 
−
*'''''Immunodiffusion'''''
 
−
*'''''A positive skin test indicates exposure'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Coccidioidomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
==<font color="purple">Entomophthoromycisus</font>==
+
 
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
==<font color="black">Entomophthoromycisus</font>==
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
+
<FlashCard questions="2">
−
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
+
|q1=What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?
−
!width="150"|'''Article'''
+
|a1=
−
|-
+
*Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue
−
|<big>'''What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?'''
+
*Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|l1=Entomophthoromycisus
−
*'''''Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue'''''
+
|q2=How would you treat an infection?
−
*'''''Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes'''''
+
|a2=
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Entomophthoromycisus|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Surgical excision
−
|-
+
*Amphotericin B
−
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
+
*Ketoconazole
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|l2=Entomophthoromycisus
−
*'''''Surgical excision'''''
+
</FlashCard>
−
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 
−
*'''''Ketoconazole'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Entomophthoromycisus|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
==<font color="purple">Histoplasmosis</font>==
+
 
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
 
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
+
==<font color="black">Histoplasmosis</font>==
−
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
+
<FlashCard questions="5">
−
!width="150"|'''Article'''
+
|q1=True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores?
−
|-
+
|a1=
−
|<big>'''True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores'''
+
*False
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory
−
*'''''False'''''
+
|l1=Histoplasmosis
−
*'''''Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory'''''
+
|q2=Which organs/bodily systems are affected?
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
|a2=
−
|-
+
*Reticuloendothelial
−
|<big>'''Which organs/bodily systems are affected?'''
+
*Pulmonary
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*Intestinal
−
*'''''Reticuloendothelial'''''
+
|l2=Histoplasmosis
−
*'''''Pulmonary'''''
+
|q3=Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?
−
*'''''Intestinal'''''
+
|a3=
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Macrophages
−
|-
+
|l3=Histoplasmosis
−
|<big>'''Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?'''
+
|q4=How would you diagnose an infection?
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|a4=
−
*'''''Macrophages'''''
+
*Clinical signs
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*Complement fixation test
−
|-
+
*Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion
−
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
+
*Immunodiffusion
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)
−
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
+
|l4=Histoplasmosis
−
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
+
|q5=How would you treat an infection?
−
*'''''Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion'''''
+
|a5=
−
*'''''Immunodiffusion'''''
+
*Amphotericin B
−
*'''''A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)'''''
+
*If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
*In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor
−
|-
+
|l5=Histoplasmosis
−
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
+
</FlashCard>
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
<br>
−
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
+
 
−
*'''''If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given'''''
+
==<font color="black">Zygomycosis</font>==
−
*''''In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor'''''
+
<FlashCard questions="6">
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
|q1=Which fungi cause zygomycosis?
−
|}
+
|a1=
 +
*Mucor
 +
*Absidia
 +
*Rhizopus
 +
*Mortierella
 +
|l1=Zygomycosis
 +
|q2=Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?
 +
|a2=
 +
*Infection is through inhalation and ingestion
 +
*Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected
 +
*Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous
 +
*Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers
 +
*Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)
 +
*Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate
 +
|l2=Zygomycosis
 +
|q3=Where do lesions occur in pigs?
 +
|a3=
 +
*Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes
 +
*Stomach ulcers
 +
*Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver
 +
|l3=Zygomycosis
 +
|q4=Where do lesions occur in cattle?
 +
|a4=
 +
*Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes
 +
*Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum
 +
*Can contaminate the placenta
 +
|l4=Zygomycosis
 +
|q5=True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants?
 +
|a5=
 +
*True
 +
|l5=Zygomycosis
 +
|q6=How would you treat an infection?
 +
|a6=
 +
*Amphotericin B
 +
*Surgical excision
 +
|l6=Zygomycosis
 +
</FlashCard>
 
<br>
 
<br>
  
−
==<font color="purple">Zygomycosis</font>==
+
 
−
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
+
[[Category:Systemic Mycoses|Zz]][[Category:Fungi Flashcards]]
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
 
−
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
 
−
!width="150"|'''Article'''
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''Which fungi cause zygomycosis?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Mucor'''''
 
−
*'''''Absidia'''''
 
−
*'''''Rhizopus'''''
 
−
*'''''Mortierella'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Infection is through inhalation and ingestion'''''
 
−
*'''''Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected'''''
 
−
*'''''Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous'''''
 
−
*'''''Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers'''''
 
−
*'''''Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)'''''
 
−
*'''''Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''Where do lesions occur in pigs?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes'''''
 
−
*'''''Stomach ulcers'''''
 
−
*'''''Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''Where do lesions occur in cattle?'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes'''''
 
−
*'''''Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum'''''
 
−
*'''''Can contaminate the placenta'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''True'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection'''
 
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
−
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 
−
*'''''Surgical excision'''''
 
−
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
−
|}
 

Latest revision as of 13:09, 22 June 2011

Adiaspiromycosis

Question Answer Article
What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection? Link to Article
Which animals are mostly affected? Link to Article



Aspergillosis

Question Answer Article
Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections:


Aspergiollosis is found _____. It is widely present in _____ and can colonise a _____ range of substrates under _____ environmental conditions. It is abundant in ______ and ______ which have ______ during storage.

Link to Article
What are the clinical signs of infection in birds? Link to Article
What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle? Link to Article
What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses? Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar? Link to Article
How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis? Link to Article



Blastomycosis

Question Answer Article
Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection? Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Blood agar? Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar? Link to Article
How would you diagnose an infection? Link to Article
How would you treat an infection? Link to Article



Coccidioidomycosis

Question Answer Article
What environmental conditions does Coccidioides immitis prefer? Link to Article
Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections? Link to Article
How would you diagnose an infection? Link to Article



Entomophthoromycisus

Question Answer Article
What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus? Link to Article
How would you treat an infection? Link to Article




Histoplasmosis

Question Answer Article
True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores? Link to Article
Which organs/bodily systems are affected? Link to Article
Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell? Link to Article
How would you diagnose an infection? Link to Article
How would you treat an infection? Link to Article



Zygomycosis

Question Answer Article
Which fungi cause zygomycosis? Link to Article
Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections? Link to Article
Where do lesions occur in pigs? Link to Article
Where do lesions occur in cattle? Link to Article
True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants? Link to Article
How would you treat an infection? Link to Article



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