Systemic Mycoses - Flashcards

Adiaspiromycosis

Question	Answer		Article
What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?	Non-contageous Pulmonary mycosis Respiratory infection		Link to Article
Which animals are mostly affected?	Rodents Small animals		Link to Article

Aspergillosis

Question	Answer		Article
Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections: Aspergiollosis is found _____. It is widely present in _____ and can colonise a _____ range of substrates under _____ environmental conditions. It is abundant in ______ and ______ which have ______ during storage.	Aspergiollosis is found worldwide. It is widely present in nature and can colonise a wide range of substrates under different> environmental conditions. It is abundant in hay, straw and grain which have heated during storage.		Link to Article
What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?	Diarrhoea Listlessness Pyrexia Loss of appetite Loss of condition Convulsions Death		Link to Article
What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?	Up to 2mm in diameter Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre Miliary lesions in acute infections Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections		Link to Article
What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?	Gutteral pouch mycosis Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD) Mycotic abortion		Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?	White colonies initially Colonies turn green and then dark green Flat and velvety Colony colour varies with species		Link to Article
How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?	Surgery Antifungal drugs Ketoconazole Nystatin Amphotericin B 5-fluorocytosine Thiabendazole		Link to Article

Blastomycosis

Question	Answer		Article
Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?	Respiratory infection Lesions start in the lungs Haematogenous dissemination Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia Fatal if not treated Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules		Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Blood agar?	Cream coloured Waxy Crinkled		Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?	Grey coloured Moist White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black		Link to Article
How would you diagnose an infection?	Clinical signs Complement fixation test ELISA Counterimmunoelectrophoresis		Link to Article
How would you treat an infection?	Amphotericin B Imidazoles		Link to Article

Coccidioidomycosis

Question	Answer		Article
What environmental conditions does Coccidioides immitis prefer?	Arid Dusty E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA		Link to Article
Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?	Respiratory infection Causes localised nodules and granulomas Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones		Link to Article
How would you diagnose an infection?	Clinical signs Complement fixation test Latex agglutination Immunodiffusion A positive skin test indicates exposure		Link to Article

Entomophthoromycisus

Question	Answer		Article
What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?	Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes		Link to Article
How would you treat an infection?	Surgical excision Amphotericin B Ketoconazole		Link to Article

Histoplasmosis

Question	Answer		Article
True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores?	False Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory		Link to Article
Which organs/bodily systems are affected?	Reticuloendothelial Pulmonary Intestinal		Link to Article
Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?	Macrophages		Link to Article
How would you diagnose an infection?	Clinical signs Complement fixation test Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion Immunodiffusion A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)		Link to Article
How would you treat an infection?	Amphotericin B If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor		Link to Article

Zygomycosis

Question	Answer		Article
Which fungi cause zygomycosis?	Mucor Absidia Rhizopus Mortierella		Link to Article
Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?	Infection is through inhalation and ingestion Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised) Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate		Link to Article
Where do lesions occur in pigs?	Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes Stomach ulcers Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver		Link to Article
Where do lesions occur in cattle?	Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum Can contaminate the placenta		Link to Article
True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants?	True		Link to Article
How would you treat an infection?	Amphotericin B Surgical excision		Link to Article