Difference between revisions of "Porcine Adenovirus"

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Also Known As –''''' pADV1-5 – pADV A-C'''''
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Also Known As: '''''pADV 1-5 — pADV A-C'''''
  
 
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
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Porcine adenovirus causes [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and [[Alimentary System|gastrointestinal]] disease in piglets and also often being implicated in '''multifactorial [[Respiratory System|respiratory]]''' diseases.
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Porcine adenovirus causes [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and gastrointestinal disease in piglets and is also often implicated in '''multifactorial respiratory''' diseases.
  
 
pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine [[Adenoviridae|adenoviruses]].
 
pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine [[Adenoviridae|adenoviruses]].
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'''Reproductive''' disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs.
 
'''Reproductive''' disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs.
  
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Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dyspnoea, blue extremities etc often develops when combined with other pathogens.
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Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dyspnoea, blue extremities etc. often develops when combined with other pathogens.
  
 
Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common.
 
Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common.
  
 
==Diagnosis==
 
==Diagnosis==
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Histologically, pADV causes formation of '''nuclear inclusion bodies''' in the intestinal cells<ref> Buller, C. R., Moxley, R. A. (1988) Natural infection of porcine ileal dome M cells with rotavirus and enteric adenovirus. Vet Path, 25(6):516-517; 9</ref>.
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Histologically, pADV causes formation of '''nuclear inclusion bodies''' in the intestinal cells<ref> Buller, C. R., Moxley, R. A. (1988) '''Natural infection of porcine ileal dome M cells with rotavirus and enteric adenovirus.''''' Vet Path'', 25(6):516-517; 9</ref>.
  
 
'''Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures'''. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel.
 
'''Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures'''. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel.
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Viral particles can be seen via '''electron microscopy''' up to 6 days post infection.  
 
Viral particles can be seen via '''electron microscopy''' up to 6 days post infection.  
  
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'''Immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent''' staining can demonstrate viral antigen.
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'''Immunoperoxidase and [[Immunofluorescence|immunofluorescent]]''' staining can demonstrate viral antigen.
  
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'''Antibodies''' can be detected serologically with '''immunodiffusion, complement fixation, serum neutralisation and [[ELISA testing|ELISA]].'''
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'''Antibodies''' can be detected serologically with '''[[immunodiffusion]], [[Complement Fixation|complement fixation]], serum neutralisation and [[ELISA testing|ELISA]].'''
  
 
==Treatment==
 
==Treatment==
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'''None''' is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient.
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'''None''' is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient.
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Affected animals can become dehydrated and so '''symptomatic treatment''' with fluid replacement solutions is recommended.
  
 
==Control==
 
==Control==
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'''None''' is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine<ref> Kadoi, K (1997) Beneficial use of inactivated porcine adenovirus vaccine and antibody response of young pigs. New Microbiol. 20:89-91</ref>
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'''None''' is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine<ref> Kadoi, K (1997) '''Beneficial use of inactivated porcine adenovirus vaccine and antibody response of young pigs.''''' New Microbiol''. 20:89-91</ref>
  
 
{{Learning
 
{{Learning
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==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
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Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Adenovirus datasheet''', accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
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{{CABI source
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|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68580&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine adenoviruses] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68588&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine adenovirus infection]
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|date =16 June 2011
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<br><br>
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{{Mandy Nevel
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|date = 09 September 2011
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}}
  
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Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Adenovirus infection datasheet''', accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
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{{OpenPages}}
  
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[[Category:To Do - CABI review]]
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[[Category:Adenoviridae]]
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[[Category:Gastric Diseases - Pig]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Pig]]
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[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Pig]]
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[[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Pig]]
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[[Category:Pig Viruses]]
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[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]

Latest revision as of 14:44, 17 August 2012


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Also Known As: pADV 1-5 — pADV A-C

Introduction

Porcine adenovirus causes diarrhoea and gastrointestinal disease in piglets and is also often implicated in multifactorial respiratory diseases.

pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine adenoviruses.

Distribution

Worldwide

Transmission is faecal:oral

Signalment

pADV is only known to affect swine.

Clinical Signs

pADV is a low grade pathogen, associated with short duration mild clinical signs.

Diarrhoea, inappetance, dehydration and anorexia often present in various degrees of severity.

Dullness, depression, lethargy, listlessness and tremors may develop, often secondary to dehydration.

Reproductive disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs.

Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dyspnoea, blue extremities etc. often develops when combined with other pathogens.

Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common.

Diagnosis

Histologically, pADV causes formation of nuclear inclusion bodies in the intestinal cells[1].

Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel.

Viral particles can be seen via electron microscopy up to 6 days post infection.

Immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent staining can demonstrate viral antigen.

Antibodies can be detected serologically with immunodiffusion, complement fixation, serum neutralisation and ELISA.

Treatment

None is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient.

Affected animals can become dehydrated and so symptomatic treatment with fluid replacement solutions is recommended.

Control

None is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine[2]


Porcine Adenovirus Learning Resources
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Flashcards
Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions 		Porcine Adenovirus Flashcards


References

  1. ↑ Buller, C. R., Moxley, R. A. (1988) Natural infection of porcine ileal dome M cells with rotavirus and enteric adenovirus. Vet Path, 25(6):516-517; 9
  2. ↑ Kadoi, K (1997) Beneficial use of inactivated porcine adenovirus vaccine and antibody response of young pigs. New Microbiol. 20:89-91


CABIlogo

This article was originally sourced from The Animal Health & Production Compendium (AHPC) published online by CABI during the OVAL Project.

The datasheet was accessed on 16 June 2011.

This article has been expert reviewed by Dr Mandy Nevel

Date reviewed: 09 September 2011



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