Changes

*This tumour is seen as part of a more general syndrome of upper alimentary tract neoplasia in adult cattle grazing rough pasture on which the '''bracken fern''' (Pteridium aquilinum) is present.  

*This tumour is seen as part of a more general syndrome of upper alimentary tract neoplasia in adult cattle grazing rough pasture on which the '''bracken fern''' (Pteridium aquilinum) is present.  

*The syndrome is seen in various part of the world including the Western Highlands of Scotland, Brazil and Kenya.  

*The syndrome is seen in various part of the world including the Western Highlands of Scotland, Brazil and Kenya.  

*In affected animals, squamous carcinomas may be present in the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] and there may also be [[intestinal adenocarcinomas]] and bladder tumours, or the condition known as [[enzootic bovine haematuria]].  

*In affected animals, squamous carcinomas may be present in the [[Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] and there may also be [[Intestinal Adenocarcinoma|intestinal adenocarcinomas]] and bladder tumours, or the condition known as enzootic bovine haematuria.  

=====Pathogenesis=====  

=====Pathogenesis=====  

**fungating

**fungating

**often superficially-necrotic

**often superficially-necrotic

**protruding into the lumen of the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|alimentary tract]];  

**protruding into the lumen of the [[Alimentary System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|alimentary tract]];  

*There is often a marked scirrhous reaction.  

*There is often a marked scirrhous reaction.  

*The tumours are locally aggressive and may permeate local lymphatics and metastasise to local lymph nodes.  

*The tumours are locally aggressive and may permeate local lymphatics and metastasise to local lymph nodes.  

Individual or multiple papillomata may be found in association with the carcinomata.  

Individual or multiple papillomata may be found in association with the carcinomata.  

*The presence of the tumours interferes with normal alimentary function

*The presence of the tumours interferes with normal alimentary function

**there may be difficulty in chewing and [[Deglutition|swallowing]] or in cudding and [[Eructation - Anatomy & Physiology|eructation]].[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:Cattle]]

**there may be difficulty in chewing and [[Deglutition|swallowing]] or in cudding and [[Eructation|eructation]].

 

 

[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:Alimentary Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]][[Category:To Do - Alimentary]][[Category:To Do - Medium]]