Difference between revisions of "Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology"

Revision as of 10:23, 2 July 2008

BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Introduction

The oral cavity is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facillitates mastication by lubricating the passage of the bolus.

Salivary gands are present in the cheek, tongue, lips, oesophagus, soft palate and pharynx but the major salivary glands are located further away from the oral cavity and function through connective ducts.

Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the teeth and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.

Types of Salivary Glands

Major Salivary Glands

Parotid (glandula parotis)

Mandibular (glandula mandibularis)

Sublingual (glandula sublinguales)

Zygomatic (glandula zygomatica)

Minor Salivary Glands

Labial

Lingual

Buccal

Palatine

Innervation

Sympathetic

   -Vasoconstriction occurs
   -Flow of saliva is decreased

Parasympathetic (most important)

   -Travel from the brainstem by the facial (CN VII) and glossopharyngeal (CN IX) then into
    branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)
   -Flow of salivary fluid increases 
   -Vasodilation occurs

Main nerves are occulomotor (CN III), facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and vagus (CN X)

Saliva

Mainly water

Amylase for carbohydrate digestion

Salt, mainly sodium bicarbonate

Mucin

Horses produce up to 40L per day

Cows produce 110-180L per day

Pigs produce up tp 15L per day

Links

Salivary Glands Pathology

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-#REDIRECT[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]]
+<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
+==Introduction==
+The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands.  The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facillitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
+Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], oesophagus, [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] and pharynx but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
+Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[Tooth Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
+==Types of Salivary Glands==
+'''Major Salivary Glands'''
+*[[Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
+*[[Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
+*[[Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
+*[[Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
+'''Minor Salivary Glands'''
+*[[Labial]]
+*[[Lingual]]
+*[[Buccal]]
+*[[Palatine]]
+==Innervation==
+*Sympathetic
+    -Vasoconstriction occurs
+    -Flow of saliva is decreased
+*Parasympathetic (most important)
+    -Travel from the brainstem by the facial (CN VII) and glossopharyngeal (CN IX) then into
+     branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)
+    -Flow of salivary fluid increases
+    -Vasodilation occurs
+*Main nerves are occulomotor (CN III), facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and vagus (CN X)
+==Saliva==
+*Mainly water
+*Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
+*Salt, mainly sodium bicarbonate
+*Mucin
+*Horses produce up to 40L per day
+*Cows produce 110-180L per day
+*Pigs produce up tp 15L per day
+==Links==
+[[Oral Cavity - Salivary Glands|Salivary Glands Pathology]]