Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Blood vessels are responsible for supplying the 'petrol' that runs all of mammalian physiology.  Without the vasculature to carry blood to and from tissues, they would die in the absence of nutrition and waste removal.  It is therefore crucial to consider their structural integrity and utilize their availability when considering any disease process requiring blood-borne healing factors, whether indigenous or introduced.

Blood vessels are responsible for supplying the 'petrol' that runs all of mammalian physiology.  Without the vasculature to carry blood to and from tissues, they would die in the absence of nutrition and waste removal.  It is therefore crucial to consider their structural integrity and utilize their availability when considering any disease process requiring blood-borne healing factors, whether indigenous or introduced.

*Angiogenesis: the sprouting of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels.  

*Angiogenesis: the sprouting of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels.  

*Arteriogenesis: the remodelling of newly formed or pre-existing vascular channels into larger and more muscular arterioles.

*Arteriogenesis: the remodelling of newly formed or pre-existing vascular channels into larger and more muscular arterioles.

In the adult animal, the physiology of blood vessels is predominantly associated with the maintenance of [[Blood Pressure & Blood Flow Control - Anatomy & Physiology|blood pressure and blood flow]]. Arterial blood pressure is created by the combined forces and complex interactions of cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance (resistance produced mainly in the arterioles), and viscosity of the blood. Neurologically, both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are active in modifying flow through the blood vessels; the autonomic nervous sytem is the most rapidly responding regulator of blood pressure.  

In the adult animal, the physiology of blood vessels is predominantly associated with the maintenance of [[Blood Pressure Physiology|blood pressure and blood flow]]. Arterial blood pressure is created by the combined forces and complex interactions of cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance (resistance produced mainly in the arterioles), and viscosity of the blood. Neurologically, both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are active in modifying flow through the blood vessels; the [[Autonomic Nervous System - Anatomy & Physiology|autonomic nervous sytem]] is the most rapidly responding regulator of blood pressure.  

In summary, Blood Pressure (BP) = Cardiac Output (CO) x Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR).

In summary, Blood Pressure (BP) = Cardiac Output (CO) x Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR).

==Response to Injury==

==Response to Injury==

When blood vessels are injured, the process of [[Haemostasis|haemostasis]] begins to prevent [[Haemorrhage - Pathology|blood loss]] from ruptured vessels. Normal haemostasis depends on a combination of events; the vascular response, which occurs mainly at capillary and small vessel level, the platelet (or thrombocyte) response, which also occurs in capillaries and small vessels, and the blood coagulation response which takes place in the arteries and veins.

When blood vessels are injured, the process of [[Haemostasis|haemostasis]] begins to prevent [[Haemorrhage|blood loss]] from ruptured vessels. Normal haemostasis depends on a combination of events; the vascular response, which occurs mainly at capillary and small vessel level, the platelet (or thrombocyte) response, which also occurs in capillaries and small vessels, and the blood coagulation response which takes place in the arteries and veins.

[[Category:WikiBlood]]

[[Category:WikiBlood]]