134
edits
Changes
Heart Structure - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 19:27, 27 October 2022
, 19:27, 27 October 2022no edit summary
{{OpenPagesTop}}
==Structure of the Heart==
==Structure of the Heart==
[[Image:Aspinall Slide7.JPG|thumb|right|350px|<small>Image from [http://www.elsevierhealth.co.uk/veterinary-nursing/spe-60136/ Aspinall, The Complete Textbook of Veterinary Nursing], Elsevier Health Sciences, ''All rights reserved''</small>]]
[[Image:Aspinall Slide8.JPG|thumb|right|350px|<small>Image from [http://www.elsevierhealth.co.uk/veterinary-nursing/spe-60136/ Aspinall, The Complete Textbook of Veterinary Nursing], Elsevier Health Sciences, ''All rights reserved''</small>]]
===Position and Shape of the Heart===
===Position and Shape of the Heart===
===Pericardium===
===Pericardium===
The pericardium is the membrane that surrounds and protects the heart. It is composed of two layers separated by a narrow cavity. The inner layer is firmly attached to the heart wall and is known as the visceral layer or epicardium. The outer layer is composed of relatively inelastic connective tissue and is termed the parietal layer. This fibrous layer prevents distension of the heart, thus preventing excessive stretching of the heart muscle fibres. The cavity between the two layers contains a small volume of fluid which serves as a lubricant, facilitating the movement of the heart by minimising friction. The sternopericardiac ligament connects the parietal layer to the sternum and the phrenopericardiac ligament joins the parietal layer to the diaphragm. The latter is present only in the canine.
The pericardium is the membrane that surrounds and protects the heart. It is composed of two layers separated by a narrow cavity. The inner layer is firmly attached to the heart wall and is known as the visceral layer or epicardium. The outer layer is composed of relatively inelastic connective tissue and is termed the parietal layer. This fibrous layer prevents distension of the heart, thus preventing excessive stretching of the heart muscle fibres. The cavity between the two layers contains a small volume of fluid which serves as a lubricant, facilitating the movement of the heart by minimising friction. The sternopericardiac ligament connects the parietal layer to the sternum and the phrenopericardiac ligament joins the parietal layer to the diaphragm. The latter is present only in canine and swine.
===Layers of the Heart Wall===
===Layers of the Heart Wall===
The right atrium forms the dorsocranial section of the base of the heart and receives blood from the cranial vena cava, caudal vena cava and coronary sinus. The interatrial septum is a thin partition dividing the right and left atria and possesses a characteristic oval depression called the fossa ovalis which is a remnant of the foetal foramen ovalis. The right atrium also houses the sinoatrial node. Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve (also know as the right atrioventricular valve).
The right atrium forms the dorsocranial section of the base of the heart and receives blood from the cranial vena cava, caudal vena cava and coronary sinus. The interatrial septum is a thin partition dividing the right and left atria and possesses a characteristic oval depression called the fossa ovalis which is a remnant of the foetal foramen ovalis. The right atrium also houses the sinoatrial node. Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve (also know as the right atrioventricular valve).
In rabbits the right atrioventricular valve is bicuspid not tricuspid.
====Right Ventricle====
====Right Ventricle====
<br>
<br>
{{Template:Learning
{{Template:Learning
|dragster = [[Canine Heart Dissection Anatomy Resources (I & II)]]<br>[[Canine Heart Dissection Anatomy Resources (III & IV)]]
|dragster = [[Canine Heart Dissection Anatomy Resources (I & II)]]<br>[[Canine Heart Dissection Anatomy Resources (III & IV)]]<br>[[Cardiovascular System Histology Resource (I)]]
|videos = [[Video: Heart potcast|Heart potcast]]<br>[[Video: Heart (internal structure) potcast|Heart (internal structure) potcast]]<br>[[Video: Dorsal view of the ventricles and valves of the heart|Dorsal view of the ventricles and valves of the heart]]
|OVAM = [http://www.real3danatomy.com/thorax/dog-heart-lungs-ribs-3d.html Canine thoracic organs in Real 3D Anatomy, showing the heart, lungs and ribs and allowing detailed and accurate visualisation of organs "in-situ"]<br>[http://www.bristol.ac.uk/anatomy/media/elearning/internet/gracie/thorax/index.html Cross-sectional anatomy atlas of the canine thorax consisting of transverse sections and MRI images]<br>[http://www.um.es/anatvet/interactividad/ingles/avispi/practicas/practica3.htm Dissection plans of the thoracic cavity and heart]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/sites/default/files/original_media/document/asset_8875_CDV.C.1_coronary_arteries_all.pdf Canine Heart - Coronary Artery Cast]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/sites/default/files/original_media/document/asset_8864_cdv.c.18_all.pdf Plastinated Canine Heart (various views)]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/cow-heart-internal-cast Internal Cast of Bovine Heart]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/bronchial-and-heart-cast Canine Heart and Bronchial Cast]
|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis60195.asp Heart Failure]
}}
}}
{{Chapter}}
{{Mansonchapter
|chapterlink = http://www.mansonpublishing.co.uk/book-images/9781840761535_sample.pdf
|chaptername = Normal Cardiovascular System
|book = Cardiovascular Disease in Small Animal Medicine
|author = Wendy A. Ware
|isbn = 9781840761535
}}
== Webinars ==
<rss max="10" highlight="heart cardiac cardiology">https://www.thewebinarvet.com/cardiology/webinars/feed</rss>
[[Category:Heart - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:Heart - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology Section]]