Difference between revisions of "Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology"

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<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
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==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
  
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The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]] which all have different functions, innervation and develop differently. The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]].
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The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], nasal cavity, [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the nasal pharynx, oral pharynx and oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.
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[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
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The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]].
  
 
==Structure and Function==
 
==Structure and Function==
  
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The last molar borders rostrally and the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Epiglottis|epiglottis]] caudally. The [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] borders ventrally and the [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] dorsally. It is derived from endoderm.
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*Last molar rostrally
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*[[Epiglottis]] caudally
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*[[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|Tongue]] ventrally
  
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The oropharynx is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]). It is divided by the '''glossopalatine arch''' from the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]].
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*[[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|Soft palate]] dorsally
  
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==Histology==
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*Endoderm
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*Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])
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*Divided by glossopalatine arch from oesophageal pharynx
  
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The oropharynx has a '''stratified squamous epithelium'''. It is keratinised in ruminants. The '''lamina propria''' contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx.
 
  
 
==Musculature==
 
==Musculature==
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'''Constrictors'''
 
'''Constrictors'''
  
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The constrictor muscles include the '''hyopharyngeus''', '''thyropharyngeus''' and '''cricopharyngeus'''.
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*Hyopharyngeus
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*Thyropharyngeus
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*Cricopharyngeus
  
 
'''Dilators'''
 
'''Dilators'''
  
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The dilator muscle is the '''stylopharyngeus'''.
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*Stylopharyngeus
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'''Shorten'''
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*Pterygopharyngeus
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'''Close Pharyngeal Arch'''
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*Palatopharyngeus
  
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The '''pterygopharyngeus''' muscle shortens the oropharynx and the '''palatopharyngeus''' muscle closes the pharyngeal arch.
 
  
 
==Innervation==
 
==Innervation==
  
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Muscles from the pharyngeal arch are innervated by the '''vagus nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]). The stylopharyngeus from the pharyngeal arch is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]).
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*Muscles from pharyngeal arch 4 innervated by vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]])  
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*Stylopharyngeus from pharyngeal arch 3 innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])  
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==Histology==
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*Stratified squamous epithelium
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*Keratinised in ruminants
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*Lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx
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==Links==
  
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{{Template:Learning
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[[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Oropharynx Flashcards|Oropharynx Flashcards]]
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|quiz = [[Oropharyngeal anatomy]]
 
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|flashcards = [[Oropharynx Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]
 
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Illustration/ill50412.asp Oropharynx Stick injury]
 
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}}
 
  
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<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
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[[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 

Revision as of 11:06, 29 July 2008

BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Introduction

The pharynx is the chamber connecting the oral cavity, nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasal pharynx, oral pharynx and oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.

The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx.

Structure and Function

  • Last molar rostrally
  • Endoderm
  • Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
  • Divided by glossopalatine arch from oesophageal pharynx


Musculature

Constrictors

  • Hyopharyngeus
  • Thyropharyngeus
  • Cricopharyngeus

Dilators

  • Stylopharyngeus

Shorten

  • Pterygopharyngeus

Close Pharyngeal Arch

  • Palatopharyngeus


Innervation

  • Muscles from pharyngeal arch 4 innervated by vagus nerve (CN X)
  • Stylopharyngeus from pharyngeal arch 3 innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)


Histology

  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Keratinised in ruminants
  • Lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx

Links

Oropharynx Flashcards

BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
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