Difference between revisions of "Viral skin infections - Pathology"

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Revision as of 12:11, 31 July 2008

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()Map INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (Map)
SKIN INFECTIOUS



Poxviruses

  • Lesion development:
    • Due to viral invasion of epithelium
    • Vascular injury -> ischaemic necrosis
    • Stimulation of host DNA -> hyperplastic nodules
  • Cutaneous lesions:

Contagious ecthyma

Contagious ecthyma (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)
  • Also called contagious pustular dermatitis, orf, sore mouth
  • Caused by a parapox virus
  • Affects mainly young sheep, less commonly cattle, humans, dogs
  • Starts in abrasions around mouth commisures and spreads to lips, oral mucosa, eyelids and feet
  • May also transfer to teats of the mother of an affected lamb
  • Lesions typical of poxvirus but very brief vesicle stage
  • Most obvious is the proliferative pustular stage

Herpesviruses

  • Cutaneous lesions may develop with nondermatotropic viruses:
  • Dermatotropic viruses:
    • Bovine herpes virus - 2 = Bovine herpes mammillitis virus
      • May cause generalised disease - pseudolumpy skin
      • Localised disease - bovine herpes mammillitis
        • Mostly in lactating cows
        • Skin trauma is essential for virus invasion
        • Decreased milk production and secondary bacterial mastitis
        • Lesion occur on teats, udder, sometimes perineum, on muzzle of suckling calves
    • Bovine herpes virus - 4 = Bovine herpes mammary pustular dermatitis
      • Similar to localised BHV-2 but milder disease


  • May be latent and reappear at times of stress
  • Grossly:
  • Microscopically:
    • Intraepidermal vesicle
    • Epidermal cell degeneration
    • Acantholysis
    • Syncytial cells may form
    • Intracellular inclusion bodies may be found at edges of ulcers
    • Rapid necrosis

Other viruses