Difference between revisions of "Lips"
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| + | <big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | ||
[[Image:Giraffe Lips.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Giraffe Lips - Copyright RVC]] | [[Image:Giraffe Lips.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Giraffe Lips - Copyright RVC]] | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | Lips are the external physical boundary of the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]. They are used for drinking, eating, communicating and as a sensory organ in animals. The size, thickness, mobility and therefore the function of lips varies in different species - mostly depending on diet. Lips are | + | Lips are the external physical boundary of the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]. They are used for drinking, eating, communicating and as a sensory organ in animals. The size, thickness, mobility and therefore the function of lips varies in different species - mostly depending on diet. |
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| + | Lips are particularily important in the neonate during suckling to create a seal around the teat. | ||
==Structure and Function== | ==Structure and Function== | ||
| − | Lips are divided into two halves, the | + | *Lips are divided into two halves, the labium inferius (lower lip) and labia superfluos entafada (upper lip) |
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| + | *Lips are composed of skin, muscle, tendon, glands and oral mucosa | ||
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| + | *Skin and mucosa meet at the lip margins | ||
| − | + | *Obicularis oris muscle (transverse fibres) to close lips | |
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==Histology== | ==Histology== | ||
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[[Image:Lip Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Lip Histology (Cat) - Copywright RVC 2008]] | [[Image:Lip Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Lip Histology (Cat) - Copywright RVC 2008]] | ||
*Stratified squamous epithelium on oral surface | *Stratified squamous epithelium on oral surface | ||
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*Stratified squamous epithelium on aboral surface | *Stratified squamous epithelium on aboral surface | ||
| − | *[[Labial | + | *[[Labial|Labial]] glands present ([[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology#Glands|sebaceous]] and apocrine) |
*Sinus hairs follicles and follicular hair follicles on aboral surface | *Sinus hairs follicles and follicular hair follicles on aboral surface | ||
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| + | ==Innervation== | ||
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| + | *Maxillary of Trigeminal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V2]]) for upper lip | ||
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| + | *Mandibular of Trigeminal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V3]]) for lower lip | ||
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| + | *Facial nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN VII]]) innervates orbicularis oris muscle | ||
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==Species Differences== | ==Species Differences== | ||
[[Image:Horse Lips.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Horse Lips - Copyright Fredrik Stark]] | [[Image:Horse Lips.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Horse Lips - Copyright Fredrik Stark]] | ||
| − | + | *Smaller gape in herbivores and rodents allowing a vaccuum to be created for sucking up water in drinking. | |
| − | + | ||
| + | *Wider gape in carnivores for biting/seizing prey and as drinking is done by lapping with the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]]. | ||
===Equine=== | ===Equine=== | ||
| − | + | *Lips are sensitive and very mobile for grazing and drinking | |
===Ruminant=== | ===Ruminant=== | ||
| − | + | *Lhe lips are thickened and insensitive | |
===Feline=== | ===Feline=== | ||
| − | + | *Lips are smaller in size and have decreased motility | |
===Canine=== | ===Canine=== | ||
| − | + | *Lips are extensive but thin | |
| − | Communication, such as aggression, is shown through movement of the lips by the | + | *Communication, such as aggression, is shown through movement of the lips by the orbicularis oris muscle, zygomaticus muscle and nasolabial levator muscle |
| − | + | ==Links== | |
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| − | + | [[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Lips FLashcards|Lips Flashcards]] | |
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| − | [[ | + | <big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> |
Revision as of 10:36, 18 August 2008
Introduction
Lips are the external physical boundary of the oral cavity. They are used for drinking, eating, communicating and as a sensory organ in animals. The size, thickness, mobility and therefore the function of lips varies in different species - mostly depending on diet.
Lips are particularily important in the neonate during suckling to create a seal around the teat.
Structure and Function
- Lips are divided into two halves, the labium inferius (lower lip) and labia superfluos entafada (upper lip)
- Lips are composed of skin, muscle, tendon, glands and oral mucosa
- Skin and mucosa meet at the lip margins
- Obicularis oris muscle (transverse fibres) to close lips
Histology
- Stratified squamous epithelium on oral surface
- Stratified squamous epithelium on aboral surface
- Sinus hairs follicles and follicular hair follicles on aboral surface
Innervation
- Maxillary of Trigeminal (CN V2) for upper lip
- Mandibular of Trigeminal (CN V3) for lower lip
- Facial nerve (CN VII) innervates orbicularis oris muscle
Species Differences
- Smaller gape in herbivores and rodents allowing a vaccuum to be created for sucking up water in drinking.
- Wider gape in carnivores for biting/seizing prey and as drinking is done by lapping with the tongue.
Equine
- Lips are sensitive and very mobile for grazing and drinking
Ruminant
- Lhe lips are thickened and insensitive
Feline
- Lips are smaller in size and have decreased motility
Canine
- Lips are extensive but thin
- Communication, such as aggression, is shown through movement of the lips by the orbicularis oris muscle, zygomaticus muscle and nasolabial levator muscle