Difference between revisions of "Pre-copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| + | {{toplink | ||
| + | |backcolour =EED2EE | ||
| + | |linkpage =Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |linktext =Reproductive System | ||
| + | |maplink = Reproductive System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |pagetype =Anatomy | ||
| + | |sublink1=Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Reproductive Behaviour | ||
| + | |subtext1=REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <br> | ||
== Search for Sexual Partner == | == Search for Sexual Partner == | ||
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| − | == | + | == Vomeronasal Organ == |
* Vomeronasal organ is an '''accessory olfactory''' organ. | * Vomeronasal organ is an '''accessory olfactory''' organ. | ||
| − | * Connected to two small openings in the anterior roof of the mouth just behind the upper [[ | + | * Connected to two small openings in the anterior roof of the mouth just behind the upper [[Lips_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|lip]]. |
| − | * Fluid-borne, less volatile chemicals enter the vomeronasal organ through the [[Alimentary_- | + | * Fluid-borne,less volatile chemicals enter the vomeronasal organ through the [[Alimentary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Oral_Cavity|oral cavity]] by means of nasopalatine (incisive) ducts. |
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[[Image:Flehmen Response Horse.jpg|thumb|right|150px|<p>The Flehmen Response in the Horse</p><sup> Courtesy of Anna Schultz.</sup>]] | [[Image:Flehmen Response Horse.jpg|thumb|right|150px|<p>The Flehmen Response in the Horse</p><sup> Courtesy of Anna Schultz.</sup>]] | ||
| − | * Some [[ | + | * Some [[Reproductive_Behaviour_-_Attractivity_Behaviour_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Pheramones|pheromones]] are less volatile and need to be detected by the '''vomeronasal organ'''. |
| − | ** Bull, ram, stallion, some extent the boar. | + | ** Bull,ram,stallion,some extent the boar. |
| − | * Male closely approaches the source of [[ | + | * Male closely approaches the source of [[Reproductive_Behaviour_-_Attractivity_Behaviour_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Pheramones|pheromones]] and will nuzzle the female genital region. |
* Flehmen behaviour is characterized by: | * Flehmen behaviour is characterized by: | ||
** Head elevation | ** Head elevation | ||
| − | ** Curling of the upper [[ | + | ** Curling of the upper [[Lips_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|lip]]. |
| − | * Curling of the upper [[ | + | * Curling of the upper [[Lips_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|lip]] closes the '''nostrils''' and allows negative pressure to form in the '''nasopalatine duct'''. |
* Flehmen behaviour allows less volatile pheromones to be examined by sensory neurons in the '''vomeronasal organ'''. | * Flehmen behaviour allows less volatile pheromones to be examined by sensory neurons in the '''vomeronasal organ'''. | ||
| − | * As in the males, females will display flehmen to novel compounds such as fluids associated with the [[Placenta - Anatomy & Physiology|placenta]], newborn animals and other volatile materials. | + | * As in the males, females will display flehmen to novel compounds such as fluids associated with the [[Gestation -Placenta - Anatomy & Physiology|placenta]],newborn animals and other volatile materials. |
* Frequently displayed by post-parturient females as they make identity discriminations between their own versus other's neonates. | * Frequently displayed by post-parturient females as they make identity discriminations between their own versus other's neonates. | ||
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| − | |||
== Courtship == | == Courtship == | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| '''Courtship Behaviour''' | | '''Courtship Behaviour''' | ||
| − | | Nuzzling & | + | | Nuzzling & Licking of Perineal Region,Chin Resting,Testing for Lordosis |
| High Degree of Excitement | | High Degree of Excitement | ||
| Neck Outstretched,Head held Horizontally | | Neck Outstretched,Head held Horizontally | ||
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| − | == [[Erection - Anatomy & Physiology|Erection]] == | + | == [[Reproductive Behaviour - Erection - Anatomy & Physiology|Erection]] == |
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Revision as of 14:08, 15 September 2008
|
Search for Sexual Partner
| Species | Bull | Stallion | Ram | Boar | Dog | Tom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Searching Behaviour | Approach Sexually Active group of Females,Test for Lordosis,Flehmen | Visual Search,Flehmen | Sniffing & Licking of Ano-Genital Region,Nudging Ewe,Flehmen | Moving among Females | Roaming around Territory | Prowling |
Tactile Stimulation
- Tactile stimuli from males is important in provoking sexual postures or standing postures by females.
- Stallion: Bites the neck or withers of the mare
- Tom: Bites the neck of the Queen
- Bull: Chin rests on the back of the cow just prior to mounting
Vomeronasal Organ
- Vomeronasal organ is an accessory olfactory organ.
- Connected to two small openings in the anterior roof of the mouth just behind the upper lip.
- Fluid-borne,less volatile chemicals enter the vomeronasal organ through the oral cavity by means of nasopalatine (incisive) ducts.
Flehmen Response
- Some pheromones are less volatile and need to be detected by the vomeronasal organ.
- Bull,ram,stallion,some extent the boar.
- Male closely approaches the source of pheromones and will nuzzle the female genital region.
- Flehmen behaviour is characterized by:
- Head elevation
- Curling of the upper lip.
- Curling of the upper lip closes the nostrils and allows negative pressure to form in the nasopalatine duct.
- Flehmen behaviour allows less volatile pheromones to be examined by sensory neurons in the vomeronasal organ.
- As in the males, females will display flehmen to novel compounds such as fluids associated with the placenta,newborn animals and other volatile materials.
- Frequently displayed by post-parturient females as they make identity discriminations between their own versus other's neonates.
Courtship
| Species | Bull | Stallion | Ram | Boar | Dog | Tom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Courtship Behaviour | Nuzzling & Licking of Perineal Region,Chin Resting,Testing for Lordosis | High Degree of Excitement | Neck Outstretched,Head held Horizontally | Nuzzling,Teeth Grinding,Foams at Mouth | Sniffing,Licking of Vulva | Biting Queen on Dorsal Neck |
Sexual Arousal
| Species | Bull | Stallion | Ram | Boar | Dog | Tom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consummation Behaviour | Penile Protrusion,Dribbling of Seminal Fluid with few Spermatozoa,Erection,Attempted Mounts | Penile Protrusion,No Preejaculatory Expulsion of Seminal Fluid | Repeated Dorsal Elevation of Scrotum,Penile Protrusion,Dribbling of Seminal Fluid | Penile Protrusion,Shallow Pelvic Thrusts, Attempted Mounting | Erection,Protrusion of Penis,Mounting | Mounting |