Difference between revisions of "Strongylus vulgaris"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(24 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{OpenPagesTop}}
+
{{unfinished}}
{{Taxobox
 
|name              = ''Strongylus vulgaris
 
|kingdom            = Animalia
 
|phylum            = [[:Category:Nematodes|Nematoda]]
 
|class              = Chromadorea
 
|sub-class          =
 
|order              = Rhabditida
 
|super-family      =
 
|family            = [[Strongyloidea]]
 
|sub-family        =
 
|genus              = Strongylus
 
|species            = ''S. vulgaris''
 
}}
 
  
==Introduction==
 
''Strongylus vulgaris'' is a clinically important parasite of the family [[:Category:Strongyloidea|''Strongyloidea'']]. It causes [[Verminous Endarteritis|verminous arteritis]] and was a very common cause of [[:Category:Colic in Horses|colic in horses]]. Its prevalence has been on the decrease since the use of wormers containing ivermectin.
 
  
==Hosts==
+
''Strongylus vulgaris'' is a parasite of horses.
Horses and donkeys.
 
  
==Identification==
+
==Appearance==
The adult worms are dark red. The male has a well developed buccal capsule.  Both the male and the female worms have rounded teeth, which enable them to hold onto the intestinal mucosa.
+
*Dark red
 
+
*Well developed buccal capsule in male
The eggs are 100μm x 50μm.
 
  
 
==Life cycle==
 
==Life cycle==
The ''S. vulgaris'' eggs are shed in the faeces.  Under optimal conditions of high humidity and temperatures over 10 degrees, the eggs will transform into rhabditiform L1 larvae within a few days.
+
*Eggs shed in faeces onto pasture
 
+
*Develop into L3 larvae
They then transform into L2, and subsequently L3 without leaving the parasite envelope.  L3 are ingested by the host when feeding on pasture.  L3 enter the small intestine, where they shed their envelope, and then begin migration across the mucosal surface, where they transform into L4.
+
*Ingested by horse
 
+
*Penetrate intestine mucosa
L4 reach the arterioles of the intestine.  Around 2 weeks after the eggs were first ingested they reach the colic and caecal arteries, and then finally the cranial mesenteric artery.
+
*Moult in 7 days to L4 in sub-mucosa
 
+
*L4 migrate to cranial mesenteric artery
L4 then transforms into the immature adult and returns to the L1 via the blood vessels.  Here they form nodules on the wall of the caecum, and occasionally the colon, and are then released into the lumen.
+
*Develop over months
 
+
*Moult to L5
The prepatent period for ''S. vulgaris'' is 6-7 months.
+
*Migrate to caecum and colon
 
+
*Form nodules around the larvae
{{Learning
+
*Nodules rupture into the lumen of the intestine
|flashcards = [[Horse_Nematode_Flashcards|Horse Nematode Flashcards]]
+
*Adults live in the caecum and colon
|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title:(%22Strongylus+vulgaris%22) ''Strongylus vulgaris'' publications]
 
}}
 
 
 
 
 
{{review}}
 
 
 
{{OpenPages}}
 
  
 +
==Pathogenesis==
 +
By larvae:
 +
*Disruption to endothelium of blood vessel
 +
* May cause [[Intestines Vascular Disturbances - Patholgoy#Arterial thromboembolism |arterial thromboembolism]] in the horse.
 +
*May cause intestinal infarcts, see [[Thrombosis#Intestinal Infarcts|General Pathology]]
 +
By adults:
 +
*Accidental damage to blood vessels as a result of feeding on intestinal mucosa
 
[[Category:Strongyloidea]]
 
[[Category:Strongyloidea]]
 
+
[[Category:To_Do_-_Parasites]]
[[Category:Expert_Review]]
 

Revision as of 15:17, 1 July 2010




Strongylus vulgaris is a parasite of horses.

Appearance

  • Dark red
  • Well developed buccal capsule in male

Life cycle

  • Eggs shed in faeces onto pasture
  • Develop into L3 larvae
  • Ingested by horse
  • Penetrate intestine mucosa
  • Moult in 7 days to L4 in sub-mucosa
  • L4 migrate to cranial mesenteric artery
  • Develop over months
  • Moult to L5
  • Migrate to caecum and colon
  • Form nodules around the larvae
  • Nodules rupture into the lumen of the intestine
  • Adults live in the caecum and colon

Pathogenesis

By larvae:

By adults:

  • Accidental damage to blood vessels as a result of feeding on intestinal mucosa