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It is important that post mortem examinations are carried out with a systematic approach.
It is important that post mortem examinations are carried out with a systematic approach.
*Measure and weigh the lizard and examine the external features.
*Measure and weigh the lizard and examine the external features.
*Check the skin for bruising, bleeding, ulcerations, burns, lumps, scars, retained shed and ectoparasites.
*Check the skin for bruising, bleeding, ulcerations, [[Lizard Burns|burns]], lumps, scars, [[Lizard Dysecdysis|retained shed]] and [[Lizard Mites|ectoparasites]].
*Examine the nares, eyes, tympanic membranes, oral cavity and cloaca.
*Examine the nares, eyes, tympanic membranes, oral cavity and [[Cloaca|cloaca]].
*Assess the musculoskeletal system for body condition and palpate for pathology of the bones
*Assess the [[Lizard Musculoskeletal System|musculoskeletal system]] for body condition and palpate for pathology of the bones.
==Internal examination==
==Internal examination==
*Examine all organs in a systematic manner - heart, great vessels, lung, thyroid, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, adrenal glands, kidneys, gonads.
*Examine all organs in a systematic manner - heart, great vessels, lung, thyroid, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, adrenal glands, kidneys, gonads.
*Open trachea, lungs, heart, oesophagus, stomach, and the intestinal tract and section others.
*Open trachea, lungs, heart, oesophagus, stomach, and the intestinal tract and section others.
*Take swabs as appropriate including heart blood, liver, spleen and kidney.
*Note the colour, size, shape and any abnormalities of each organ.
*Note the colour, size, shape and any abnormalities of each organ.
*Take samples for culture and histopathology from diseased tissues and collect faeces from the intestinal tract for parasites and culture
*Take sterile smear of heart blood for staining.
*Put liver, lung, kidney, spleen and intestine in both formal saline (transfer to 70% ethanol after 48 hours) and frozen in sterile container.
*Make impression smears of different parts of intestines.
*Take a sterile sample of any abnormal gut contents, make a smear in saline.
*Wash the gut contents out in saline, examine for signs of parasites.
*Inspect the gonads to sex definitively.
[[Category:Lizard_Examination]]
==Recording your findings==
It is essential that you record your findings sytematically and at the time of the necropsy; a form for this purpose can be found [[Media:Necropsy.pdf|here]]
==Literature Search==
[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
<br><br><br>
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=((((title:(post+mortem)+OR+subject:(post+mortem)))+OR+((+subject:(pathology)))+OR+((title:(necropsy)+OR+subject:(necropsy)))))+AND+((title:(Lizard)+OR+ab:(lizard)+OR+od:(lizards)))+&fq=sc:%22ve%22 Lizard Necropsy publications]
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2010/20103181631.pdf '''Reptile pathology: getting the most out of pathology.''' St. Leger, J.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 16-20 January 2010, 2010, pp 1714-1716, 5 ref. - '''Full Text Article''']
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2005/20053197440.pdf '''The reptile necropsy: collection and submission of pathologic samples.''' Garner, M. M.; Eastern States Veterinary Association, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Volume 19, Orlando, Florida, USA, 8-12 January, 2005, 2005, pp 1275-1277 - '''Full Text Article''']
[[Category:Lizard_Diagnostics]]