Difference between revisions of "Lymph Node Abnormalities"
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==Reactive Lymph Nodes== | ==Reactive Lymph Nodes== | ||
Lymph nodes demonstrate hyperplasia as an immunological response to antigens; cells proliferate in the cortex of the node and germinal centre activity results in multiplication of cells in the thymus-dependent area (paracortex). Newly formed [[B cell differentiation|plasma cells]] accumulate in the medullary cords and macroscopically a bulging white cortex is seen which may almost obliterate the medulla | Lymph nodes demonstrate hyperplasia as an immunological response to antigens; cells proliferate in the cortex of the node and germinal centre activity results in multiplication of cells in the thymus-dependent area (paracortex). Newly formed [[B cell differentiation|plasma cells]] accumulate in the medullary cords and macroscopically a bulging white cortex is seen which may almost obliterate the medulla | ||
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Secondary tumours; the lymph nodes are often involved in the spread of tumours by extension or metastasis and are usually carcinomas | Secondary tumours; the lymph nodes are often involved in the spread of tumours by extension or metastasis and are usually carcinomas | ||
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| − | + | |full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2010/20103277069.pdf ''' Cytological evaluation of canine lymphadenopathies - a review of 109 cases.''' Marudhai Thangapandiyan; Chidambaram Balachandran; Veterinarski Fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb), Zagreb, Croatia, Veterinarski Arhiv, 2010, 80, 4, pp 499-508, 23 ref.] | |
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| + | <br><br> | ||
| + | {{Jim Bee 2007}} | ||
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[[Category:Lymph Nodes]] | [[Category:Lymph Nodes]] | ||
[[Category:General Pathology]] | [[Category:General Pathology]] | ||
| − | [[Category:Lymphoreticular | + | [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haemopoietic Diseases]] |
Latest revision as of 18:08, 29 June 2012
Reactive Lymph Nodes
Lymph nodes demonstrate hyperplasia as an immunological response to antigens; cells proliferate in the cortex of the node and germinal centre activity results in multiplication of cells in the thymus-dependent area (paracortex). Newly formed plasma cells accumulate in the medullary cords and macroscopically a bulging white cortex is seen which may almost obliterate the medulla
Lymphadenitis
This term refers to true inflammation of the lymph node, which can be enlarged due to congestion, oedema or leukocyte (neutrophil) accumulation. Pyogenic organisms can cause abscessation, and necrosis within the node.
Lymphangitis refers to an inflammation of the lymphatic vessels.
Haemal Lymph Nodes
These occur in ruminants only and their functional significance unclear. They are small dark red/brown nodes that develop during foetal life when the lymph node primordia lose their lymph vessels; as they receive all cells and antigen from the BLOOD their function may be to respond to blood-borne antigens.
Other Lymphadenopathies
These would include:
Lymph node pigmentation
This occurs in the lungs for a variety of reasons including:
- anthracosis
- carbon derived from soot finds its way to the local nodes in macrophages
Skin
- dermatopathic lymphadenopathy or melanic reticulosis
- in pigmented animals, especially black dogs
- chronic inflammatory skin conditions lead to melanin deposition in hyperplastic nodules
- also occurs in nodes draining skin melanomas where the pigment may be the result of skin ulceration or secondary tumour deposit
- these two should not be confused since the prognosis is very different following surgery
Emphysema
Interstitial emphysema can occur in the respiratory lymph nodes and is common in cases of dyspnoea. This condition is seen most commonly in the bovine lung which, due to the well developed pulmonary lobulation and extensive loose interstitial lung tissue permits a collection of gas bubbles in the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. Gas travels to these nodes after gaining entry to the many lymphatic vessels present in the interstitial tissue
Neoplasia
Primary lymph node tumours include lymphosarcoma (lymphoma) which affect lymphoid cells with lymph node enlargement. The nodes become smooth, pale and hemogenous but may have areas of necrosis; this condition may cause pseudo-hyperparathyroidism.
Secondary tumours; the lymph nodes are often involved in the spread of tumours by extension or metastasis and are usually carcinomas
| Lymph Node Abnormalities Learning Resources | |
|---|---|
 Full text articles available from CAB Abstract (CABI log in required) |
Cytological evaluation of canine lymphadenopathies - a review of 109 cases. Marudhai Thangapandiyan; Chidambaram Balachandran; Veterinarski Fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb), Zagreb, Croatia, Veterinarski Arhiv, 2010, 80, 4, pp 499-508, 23 ref. |
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Originally funded by the RVC Jim Bee Award 2007 |
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