Difference between revisions of "Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis"
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
A highly contagious acute respiratory disease causing larngitis, tracheitis and bronchitis. | A highly contagious acute respiratory disease causing larngitis, tracheitis and bronchitis. | ||
− | Multiple agents are implicated in the disease including[[Canine Adenovirus 2]],Canine herpes virus[[Canine Parainfluenza - 2]],[[Canine Distemper Virus]], Mycoplasma and [[Bordetella bronchiseptica|''Bordetella bronchoseptica'']]. | + | Multiple agents are implicated in the disease including[[Canine Adenovirus 2]],[[Canine Herpesvirus 1|Canine herpes virus]],[[Canine Parainfluenza - 2]],[[Canine Distemper Virus]], Mycoplasma and [[Bordetella bronchiseptica|''Bordetella bronchoseptica'']]. |
==Signalment== | ==Signalment== | ||
Affects dogs of all ages. Most commonly occurs where groups of dogs of different ages mix. | Affects dogs of all ages. Most commonly occurs where groups of dogs of different ages mix. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
==History and Clinical Signs== | ==History and Clinical Signs== | ||
− | + | Often a history of exposure to other dogs at either shows, kennels or in a hospital. Direct contact or aerosol spread are the most common routes of infection. | |
− | Clinical signs develop 3-5 days after exposure. | + | Clinical signs develop 3-5 days after exposure. Signs are often mild and self limiting. Afected dogs usually have a dry hacking cough, and sometimes serous nasal discharge, fever and lymphadenopathy. |
==Laboratory Tests== | ==Laboratory Tests== | ||
==Radiography== | ==Radiography== |
Revision as of 21:48, 24 July 2010
This article is still under construction. |
Canine Infecious tracheobronchitis
Also known as: | Kennel Cough Canine respiratory disease complex |
Description
A highly contagious acute respiratory disease causing larngitis, tracheitis and bronchitis. Multiple agents are implicated in the disease includingCanine Adenovirus 2,Canine herpes virus,Canine Parainfluenza - 2,Canine Distemper Virus, Mycoplasma and Bordetella bronchoseptica.
Signalment
Affects dogs of all ages. Most commonly occurs where groups of dogs of different ages mix.
Diagnosis
History and Clinical Signs
Often a history of exposure to other dogs at either shows, kennels or in a hospital. Direct contact or aerosol spread are the most common routes of infection. Clinical signs develop 3-5 days after exposure. Signs are often mild and self limiting. Afected dogs usually have a dry hacking cough, and sometimes serous nasal discharge, fever and lymphadenopathy.
Laboratory Tests
Radiography
Endoscopy
Pathology
Treatment
Prognosis
References
- Synonyms: Kennel cough, Infectious tracheobronchitis
- tracheitis, bronchitis
- Multiple agents implicated:
- Symptoms are of a persistent, non-productive cough
- Persistent tracheobronchial inflammation
- The outcomes is generally recovery (may persist >3 weeks), but extension to chronic bronchitis or cranioventral bronchopneumonia may occur
- In severe cases can extend to serous/mucopurulent rhinitis
- Lesions are neither specific nor always significant (catarrhal / mucopurulent tracheobronchitis)
- Enlarged tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes
- B. bronchiseptica acts as a primary pathogen in Infectious canine tracheitis
- Frequently isolated from dogs with respiratory disease
- Often found with viruses or mycoplasma
- Adheres to ciliated epithelial cells in the trachea
- Colonisation and proliferation in trachea
- Releases toxins causing epithelial necrosis and prevents ciliary clearance
- Irritation to tract causes coughing
- Mortality rates low
- Peribronchial inflammation and bronchopneumonia
can result in unvaccinated puppies or immunosuppressed dogs
- Severe pneumonia following secondary infection e.g. with Streptococci
- Fatal bronchopneumonia if occurs secondary to canine distemper virus
- Transmission via respiratory secretions by direct contact or aerosol and on fomites
- Clinical signs:
- Develop within 3-4 days; persist for up to 2 weeks
- Coughing
- Gagging
- Mild serous oculonasal discharge
- Treatments includes antibiotics if coughing persists or bronchopneumonia develops
- Live intranasal vaccines
- Also found in respiratory tract of cats; can cause pneumonia in kittens; vaccine available